Research on the Chemical Hazard Risk of Toys Exported to EU from China Based on the Analysis of the EU “Safety Gate” Alerts Cases
- 1 Guangzhou Customs Technology Center, Guangzhou, China
- 2 Guangzhou Customs Technology Center, Guangzhou, China
- 3 Guangzhou Customs Technology Center, Guangzhou, China
- 4 Guangzhou Customs Technology Center, Guangzhou, China
- 5 Guangzhou Customs Technology Center, Guangzhou, China
- 6 Guangzhou Customs Technology Center, Guangzhou, China
Abstract
Based on the analysis of the 2544 alert cases from “Safety Gate” (the EU rapid alert system for dangerous non-food products) of toys exported to the EU market from China in the past five years (2017-2021), this study focuses on the chemical hazards as the key research object, investigates and identifies categories of toy products and related chemicals with high notification rate. The research results have shown that the most seriously and frequently alerted toy products due to chemical hazards from China exported to the EU are plastic dolls, slimes, rubber toy balloons, toy guns and squeezable toys, while the high failure rate of chemicals in sequence are phthalates, boron element, N-Nitrosamines and N-Nitrosatable substances, and bis(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl) ether. This study aims to improve the efficiency of inspection and test of export toys, and provide decision-making references for Chinese toy export enterprises to respond to EU technical trade measures.
- General Administration of Customs. China. http://stats.customs.gov.cn
- Wen, F. (2021) Research on Legislative Trend and Future Development Direction of EU Toy Product Technical Regulations. Standard Science, No. 2, 41-48.
- Europenn Commission (2022) Safety Gate: The EU Rapid Alert System for Dangerous Non-Food Products. https://ec.europa.eu/safety-gate-alerts/screen/web
- European Commission (2022) EUR-LEX. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/
- Liu, H.-Z., Dong, L. and Wang, C. (2020) Toys Exported to Europe Frequently Hampered by Technical Barriers Highlighting the Shortcomings of China’s Industry. China Customs, No. 10, 88.
- Wilkinson, C.F. and Lamb, J.C. (1999) The Potential Health Effects of Phthalate Esters in Children’s Toys: A Review and Risk Assessment. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 30, 140-155. https://doi.org/10.1006/rtph.1999.1338
- Liu, C.-M., Zhang, P., Wu, X.-Y., et al. (2018) Quality and Safety Risk Monitoring Analysis of Slime. China Quality Supervision, No. 8, 52-54.
- den Braver, M.W., Schakel, D.J., Hendriks, H.S., et al. (2021) Monitoring and Risk Assessment of Hazardous Chemicals in Toy-Slime and Putty in the Netherlands. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 125, Article ID: 105000. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.105000
- Xie, Y.-P., Lan, H.-X., Li, H.-Y., et al. (2018) Risk Analysis of Harmful Substances in the Rubber Balloon. Contemporary Chemical Industry, 47, 2309-2312.
- Liu, Y.-H., Yuan, W.-F., Wang, Z.-J., et al. (2019) Determination of 15 Kinds of N-Nitrosamines Residues in Plastic Children’s Toys by GC-MS/MS. Journal of Chinese Mass Spectrometry Society, 40, 549-557.
- Li, X.-D., Yin, Y.-B., et al. (2017) Progress of Synthesis Process for PU Catalyst Bis(N,N-Dimethyl-aminoethyl) Ether. Plastics Additives, No. 1, 13-17.
- Wang, Y.-D., Li, L.-P., Cao, C.-H., et al. (2019) Environment-Friendly Plasticizer Design under Green Chemistry Principals. Engineering Plastics Application, 47, 135-139.