Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Trends in Hospitalized Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases in the Baise Region of Guangxi from 2021 to 2024: A Retrospective Study Based on 6177 Cases

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and their temporal trends in hospitalized patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the Baise region of Guangxi from 2021 to 2024, providing data support for formulating regional CVD prevention and control strategies. Methods: A retrospective study design was employed. Medical records of CVD inpatients from Baise People’s Hospital between December 2021 and December 2024 were extracted. After data cleaning to remove duplicate and incomplete records, a total of 6177 valid cases were included. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze patients’ demographic characteristics (age, ethnicity, occupation, etc.), disease composition, length of hospital stay (LOS), and annual trends. The χ 2 test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to compare differences in disease distribution and mean LOS across different years and age groups, with a significance level of α = 0.05. Results: Among the 6177 patients, 3241 were male (52.5%) and 2936 were female (47.5%). Ages ranged from 15 to 102 years, with a mean age of 61.9 ± 12.7 years. Patients aged over 60 years accounted for 3380 cases (54.7%). The predominant ethnicity was Zhuang (3826 cases, 62.0%), and the most common occupation was farmer (3706 cases, 60.0%). The top three disease categories were coronary artery disease (2675 cases, 43.3%), heart failure (1064 cases, 17.2%), and stable angina pectoris (700 cases, 11.3%). The annual number of cases from 2022 to 2024 showed an increasing trend (1668 in 2022, 1998 in 2023, and 2487 in 2024), with the proportion of patients aged over 60 years increasing annually (P < 0.05). The average LOS was 5.7 ± 3.2 days, with patients staying 4 - 7 days constituting the largest group (3408 cases, 55.2%). Conclusion: Hospitalized CVD patients in the Baise region of Guangxi are primarily middle-aged and elderly Zhuang farmers, with coronary artery disease being the leading diagnosis. The number of cases is increasing year by year. Targeted primary prevention for key populations should be strengthened, and treatment processes should be optimized to shorten hospital stays, thereby improving the regional level of CVD prevention and treatment.