Review on the Use of Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia as a Stand-Alone Therapy in a Palliative Setting: Potential for Further Research? — Oak Academic Publishing
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Review on the Use of Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia as a Stand-Alone Therapy in a Palliative Setting: Potential for Further Research?
Department of Radiation Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
,
Semmelweis University, Innovation Centre, Budapest, Hungary
,
Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
,
Department of Radiation Oncology, Wits Donald Gordon Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
1 Department of Radiation Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
2 Semmelweis University, Innovation Centre, Budapest, Hungary
3 Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
4 Department of Radiation Oncology, Wits Donald Gordon Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
Background: Hyperthermia (HT) in oncology was originally applied as a stand-alone treatment (monotherapy), but achieving temperatures required to cause cellular destruction (>43 º C ) proved to be challenging. Lower temperatures may increase the risk of dissemination of the treated tumours. Hyperthermia in the current context of oncology therefore aims to achieve moderate temperatures of 39 º C - 41.5 º C and is applied in combination with che motherapy (ChT) and/or radiotherapy (RT). Modulated ele ctro-hyperthermia (mEHT ) applies amplitude modulation to an electric field generated by a capacitive coupled set-up, to selectively heat tumours. As mEHT does not appear to increase the risk of disease dissemination, it has been investigated as a stand-alone treatment for patients with advanced disease and who have exhausted all other treatment options. This report is a descriptive review of papers in oncology which report on the use of mEHT as a stand-alone treatment in a palliative setting. We aim to establish whether there is motivation for the development of trials to further investigate mEHT as a monotherapy in a palliative setting. Methods: A literature search was conducted using the key words “Oncothermia ” , “ modulated electro-hyperthermia” and “monotherapy”, and case reports were excluded. Only studies which applied mEHT without ChT or RT; for palliative intent; when conventional therapies have failed; or when no further options are available, were included. Results: Six phase I/II studies on tumours of the liver, brain, pancreas, and stomach were included. The studies demonstrated the safety of mEHT; disease stabilisation; and improved quality of life. Conclusion: mEHT may have a role in the palliative management of certain tumours in the absence of any other treatment options. The development of robustly designed studies on mEHT for palliative management of oncology patients is motivated .
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