Correlation of Transcription of MALAT-1, a Novel Noncoding RNA, with Deregulated Expression of Tumor Suppressor p53 in Small DNA Tumor Virus Models — Oak Academic Publishing
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Correlation of Transcription of MALAT-1, a Novel Noncoding RNA, with Deregulated Expression of Tumor Suppressor p53 in Small DNA Tumor Virus Models
Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
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Kunming University, Kunming, China
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Department of Pathology, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, USA
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Lineberger Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
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Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
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Center for Neurosensory Disorders, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
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Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
1 Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
2 Kunming University, Kunming, China
3 Department of Pathology, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, USA
4 Lineberger Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
5 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
6 Center for Neurosensory Disorders, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
7 Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
Although metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript (MALAT)-1 is known to be consistently upregulated in several epithelial malignancies, little is known about its function or regulation. We therefore examined the relationship between MALAT-1 expression and candidate modulators such as DNA tumor virus oncoproteins human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 E6 and E7, BK virus T antigen (BKVTAg), mouse polyoma virus middle T antigen (MPVmTAg) and tumor suppressor genes p53 and pRb. Using suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays, MALAT-1 was shown to be increased in viral oncongene-expressing salivary gland biopsies from humans and mice. The results also indicated that MALAT-1 transcripts and promoter activity were increased in vitro when viral oncongene-expressing plasmids were introduced into different cell types. These same viral oncogenes in addition to increasing MALAT-1 transcription have also been shown to inhibit p53 and/or pRb function. In p53 mutant or inactive cell lines MALAT-1 was also shown to be highly upregulated. We hypothesize that there is a correlation between MALAT-1 over-expression and p53 deregulation. In conclusion, we show that disruption of p53, by both polyoma and papilloma oncoproteins appear to play an important role in the up-regulation of MALAT-1. MALAT-1 might therefore represent a biomarker for p53 deregulation within malignancies.
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