Risks Factors Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy at the National University Hospital Center Hubert Koutoukou Maga in Cotonou

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the microvascular complications of diabetes. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors associated with the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) at the National University Hospital Center-Hubert Koutoukou MAGA (CNHU-HKM). Patients and method: this was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection. It was carried out over a three-month period from July 10 to October 10, 2019. It concerned all patients suffering from diabetes mellitus and who consulted in the Endocrinology department during the study period. Results: the frequency of diabetic retinopathy was 30.46% (53/174 patients). A female predominance was observed with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.57. The main modifiable risk factors were represented by occupation and those that were not modifiable were represented by the presence of old nephropathy, glycated hemoglobin, age of discovery of diabetes and its length of service. Diabetic retinopathy is a serious condition that can ultimately lead to blindness. The frequency of DR remains high in our study.