Cadmium Removal from Aqueous Solution by a Tunisian Smectitic Natural and Activated Clay: Thermodynamic Study
- 1
- 2
Abstract
The removal of heavy metals from industrial waste streams has become one of the most important applications in wastewater treatment in terms of protecting public health and environment. The recovery of metals present in the industrial effluents by adsorption onto natural materials constitutes a technological option increasingly studied throughout the world. However, the implementation of such process on an industrial scale requires the use of adsorbents easily available and inexpensive. Clay in these two forms natural and activated answers very well to these two requirements. The present research aimed the study of the capacity of fixing of cadmium present in aqueous solution, by two types of clay: natural and activated. The adsorption capacity of adsorbent was investigated using batch experiments. The influence of pH, temperature and adsorbent dose were investigated and the experimental data obtained were evaluated and fitted using adsorbent equilibrium isotherms. Adsorption isotherms of cadmium onto natural and activated clay were determined and correlated with common isotherm equations such as the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The Langmuir model agrees very well with experimental data. The thermodynamic parameters obtained indicated that the adsorption of cadmium ions onto natural clay was a spontaneous and an endothermic process.
- H. K. An, B. Y. Park and D. S. Kim, “Crab Shell for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution,” Water Research, Vol. 35, No. 15, 2001, pp. 3551-3556. doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00099-9
- S. Badel and T. A. Kurniawan, “Low-Cost Adsorbents for Heavy Metals Uptakefrom Contaminated Water: A Review,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 97, No. 1-3, 2003, pp. 219-243. doi:10.1016/S0304-3894(02)00263-7
- K. Kadirvalu and C. Namasivayam, “Activated Carbon from Coconut Coirpith as Metal Adsorbent: Adsorption of Cd(II) from Aqueous Solution,” Advances in Environmental Research, Vol. 7, No. 4, 2003, p. 471. doi:10.1016/S1093-0191(02)00018-7
- S. Sen Gupta and G. K. Bhattacharyya, “Influence of Acid Activation of Kaolinite and Montmorillonite on Adsorptive Removal of Cd (II) from Water,” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 46, No. 11, 2007, pp. 3734-3742. doi:10.1021/ie061475n
- A. Gannouni, A. Bellagi and M. Bagane, “Préparation D’une Argile Activée Pour la Décolaration de L’huile D’olive c,” Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry, Vol. 24, 1999, pp. 407-409.
- P. Pushpaletha, S. Rugmini and M. Latithambika, “Correlation between Surface Propreties and Catalytic Activity of Clay Catalysts,” Applied Clay Science, Vol. 30, 2005, pp. 141-153. doi:10.1016/j.clay.2005.03.011
- F. Bergraya and M. Vayer, “CEC of Clays: Measurement by Adsorption of a Copper Ethylenediamine Complex,” Applied Clay Science, Vol. 12, 1997, pp. 275-280. doi:10.1016/S0169-1317(97)00012-4
- H. Farrah and W. F. Pickeringf, “The Effect of pH on the Retention of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd by Clay-Humic Acid Mixtures,” Water Air Soil Pollution, Vol. 8, 1977, pp. 189-197. doi:10.1007/BF00294042
- M. J. Angove, B. B. Johnson and J. D. Wells, “The Influence of Temperature on the Adsorption of Cadmium (II) and Cobalt (II) on Kaolinite,” Journal of Colloid Interface Science, Vol. 204, No. 1, 1998, pp. 93. doi:10.1006/jcis.1998.5549
- V. M. Boddu, K. Abburi, J. L. Talbott and E. D. Smith, “Removal of Hexavalent Chromium from Wastewater Using a New Composite Chitosan Biosobent,” Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 37, No. 19, 2003, pp. 4449-4456. doi:10.1021/es021013a
- S. Kubilay, R. Gurkan, A. Savran and T. Sahan, “Removal of Cu(II), Zn(II) and Co(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption onto Natural Bentonite,” Adsorption, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2007, pp. 41-51. doi:10.1007/s10450-007-9003-y