The Effect of Packaging Shape on the Distribution of Electric and Magnetic Fields and SAR Induced in 3D Models of Water Containers — Oak Academic Publishing
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The Effect of Packaging Shape on the Distribution of Electric and Magnetic Fields and SAR Induced in 3D Models of Water Containers
Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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1Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia 2Department of Process & Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia 3Faculty of Food Science & Technology, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
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Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
1 Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
2 1Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia 2Department of Process & Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia 3Faculty of Food Science & Technology, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
3 Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
4 Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
In this study, two software packages using different numerical techniques—FEKO 6.3 with Finite-Element Method (FEM) and XFDTD 7 with Finite Difference Time Domain Method (FDTD)—were used to assess exposure of 3D models of square-, rectangular-, spherical- and pyramidal-shaped water containers to electromagnetic waves at 300, 900, and 2400 MHz frequencies. Using the FEM simulation technique, the peak electric field of 25, 4.5, 3, and 2 V/m at 300 MHz and 15.75, 1.5, 1.8 and 1.75 V/m at 900 MHz were observed in pyramidal-, rectangular-, spherical-, and squareshaped 3D container models, respectively. The FDTD simulation method confirmed a peak electric field of 12.782, 10.907, 0.81867 and 10.625 V/m at 2400 MHz in the pyramidal-, square-, spherical-, and rectangular-shaped 3D models, respectively. The study demonstrated an exceptionally high level of electric field in the water in the two identical pyramid-shaped 3D models analyzed using the two different simulation techniques. Both FEM and FDTD simulation techniques indicated variations in the distribution of electric, magnetic fields, and specific absorption rate of water stored inside the 3D container models. The study successfully demonstrated that shape and dimensions of 3D models significantly influence the electric and magnetic fields inside packaged materials; thus, specific absorption rates in the stored water vary according to the shape and dimensions of the packaging materials.
KeywordsSAREM SimulationShape EffectFDTDFEM
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