Dyes mostly used in the textile industry end up in their wastewater. The treatment of textile effluent has become necessary because of its associated environmental and health problems. In this study, five bacterial isolates were obtained from textile effluent. The isolated bacteria were used to decolourise effluent samples in a time-dependent manner and the change in colour was observed using an Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. After 24 hours, decolourisation efficiencies of the five isolates were calculated and the highest decolourisation efficiency (78.5%) was observed with one of the isolates (E12). Isolate E23 recorded 64.7% followed by isolate E9 (62.0%) and E21 (53.7%). Isolate E19 had the lowest decolourisation efficiency (2.6%). The isolated bacteria were identified with E9 as Aeromonas hydrophilia , E12 as Aeromonas hydrophilia , E19 as Pseudomonas aeruginosa , E21 as Aeromonas hydrophilia and E23 as Pseudomonas fluorescens . To achieve a decolourisation efficiency of 78.5%, 25 ml of textile wastewater should be inoculated with 1 ml of the isolate (E12) culture. Thus, Isolate E12 ( Aeromonas hydrophilia ) is considered a promising candidate for biological textile wastewater treatment followed by isolate E23 ( Pseudomonas fluorescens ).
KeywordsTextileEffluentDecolourisationBacteria
El-Kassas, H.Y. and Mohamed, L.A. (2014) Bioremediation of the Textile Waste Effluent by Chlorella vulgaris. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 40, 301-308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2014.08.003
Bhatia, D., Sharma, N.R., Singh, J. and Kanwar, R.S. (2017) Biological Methods for Textile Dye Removal from Wastewater: A Review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 47, 1836-1876. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2017.1393263
Yagub, M.T., Sen, T.K., Afroze, S. and Ang, H.M. (2014) Dye and Its Removal from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption: A Review. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 209, 172-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2014.04.002
Bhatia, D., Sharma, N.R., Kanwar, R. and Singh, J. (2018) Physicochemical Assessment of Industrial Textile Effluents of Punjab (India). Applied Water Science, 8, 83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-018-0728-4
Drumond Chequer, F.M., de Oliveira, G.A.R., Anastacio Ferraz, E.R., Carvalho, J., Boldrin Zanoni, M.V. and de Oliveir, D.P. (2013) Textile Dyes: Dyeing Process and Environmental Impact. In: Eco-Friendly Textile Dyeing and Finishing, InTech, London. https://doi.org/10.5772/53659
Meerbergen, K., Willems, K.A., Dewil, R., Van Impe, J., Appels, L. and Lievens, B. (2018) Isolation and Screening of Bacterial Isolates from Wastewater Treatment Plants to Decolorize Azo Dyes. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 125, 448-456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.11.008
Ratna, P.B.S. (2012) Pollution Due to Synthetic Dyes Toxicity & Carcinogenicity Studies and Remediation. International Journal of Environmental Science, 3, 940-955.
Katheresan, V., Kansedo, J. and Lau, S.Y. (2018) Efficiency of Various Recent Wastewater Dye Removal Methods: A Review. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 6, 4676-4697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2018.06.060
Dellamatrice, P.M., Silva-Stenico, M.E., de Moraes, L.A.B., Fiore, M.F. and Monteiro, R.T.R. (2017) Degradation of Textile Dyes by Cyanobacteria. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 48, 25-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjm.2016.09.012
Kant, R. (2012) Textile Dyeing Industry an Environmental Hazard. Natural Sciences, 4, 22-26. https://doi.org/10.4236/ns.2012.41004
Morshed Ahmed, M., Abdullah Al Masud, H.M., Rayhan Mahbub, K., Siddique Hossain, M., Zobaidul Alam, M. and Abul Manchur, M. (2015) Biodecolourization of Textile Dyes by Effluent Adapted Bacteria. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 10, 88-95.
Guerra, E., Llompart, M. and Garcia-Jares, C. (2018) Analysis of Dyes in Cosmetics: Challenges and Recent Developments. Cosmetics, 5, 47. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics5030047
Samchetshabam, G., Ajmal, H. and Choudhury, T.G. (2016) Impact of Textile Dyes Waste on Aquatic Environments and Its Treatment. Environment and Ecology, 35, 2349-2353. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321443064
Si, L., Wei, Y., Chenglong, C., Yanbo, W. and Shuangchun, Y. (2013) Research Progress of the Physical and Chemical Treatment of Dye Wastewater. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 4, 2010-2012. https://www.ijser.org/researchpaper/Research-progress-of-the-physical-and-chemical-treatment-of-dye-wastewater.pdf
Mukherjee, D., Singh, S., Kumar, M., Kumar, V., Datta, S. and Dhanjal, D.S. (2018) Fungal Biotechnology: Role and Aspects. In: Fungi and Their Role in Sustainable Development: Current Perspectives, Springer, Singapore, 91-103. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0393-7_6
Lalnunhlimi, S. and Veenagayathri, K. (2016) Decolorization of Azo Dyes (Direct Blue 151 and Direct Red 31) by Moderately Alkaliphilic Bacterial Consortium. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 47, 39-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjm.2015.11.013
Singh, R.L., Singh, P.K. and Singh, R.P. (2015) Enzymatic Decolorization and Degradation of Azo Dyes—A Review. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 104, 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.04.027
Hassaan, M., El Nemr, A. and Hassaan, M.A. (2017) Health and Environmental Impacts of Dyes: Mini Review. American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 1, 64-67.
Joshi, P.A., Jaybhaye, S. and Mhatre, K. (2015) Biodegradation of Dyes Using Consortium of Bacterial Strains Isolated from Textile Effluent. https://www.imedpub.com/articles/biodegradation-of-dyes-using-consortium-of-bacterial-strains-isolated-from-textile-effluent.pdf
Warade, A.R., Gaikwad, R.W., Sapkal, R.S. and Sapkal, V.S. (n.d.) Study of Removal Techniques for Dyes by Adsorption: A Review. http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/STUDY_OF_REMOVAL_TECHNIQUES_FOR_DYES_BY_ADSORPTION__A_REVIEW_ijariie2687.pdf
Akter, K., Zerin, T. and Banik, A. (2020) Biodegradation of Textile Dyes by Bacteria Isolated from Textile Industry Effluents. Stamford Journal of Microbiology, 9, 5-8. https://doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v9i1.45649
Rahman, S.S., Alif, F.A. and Hossain, M.M. (2018) Retracted: Optimization of Conditions for the Biological Treatment of Textile Dyes Using Isolated Soil Bacteria [Version 1; Peer Review: Retracted]. F1000Research, 7, 351. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15324.1
Vikrant, K., Giri, B.S., Raza, N., Roy, K., Kim, K.H., Rai, B.N. and Singh, R.S. (2018) Recent Advancements in Bioremediation of Dye: Current Status and Challenges. Bioresource Technology, 253, 355-367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.029
Sultana, B. (n.d.) Degradation of Dyes Used in Textile Industries by Bacteria Isolated from Local Textile Effluents. Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biotechnology. BRAC University, Dhaka.
Srinivasan, G.P., et al. (2014) Biodegradation of Carcinogenic Textile Azo Dyes Using Bacterial Isolates of Mangrove Sediment. Journal of Coastal Life Medicine, 2, 154-162.
Karim, M.E., Dhar, K. and Hossain, M.T. (2018) Decolorization of Textile Reactive Dyes by Bacterial Monoculture and Consortium Screened from Textile Dyeing Effluent. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 16, 375-380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgeb.2018.02.005
Zabłocka-Godlewska, E., Przystaå, W. and Grabińska-Sota, E. (2014) Decolourisation of Different Dyes by Two Pseudomonas Strains under Various Growth Conditions. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 225, 1846-1859. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1846-0
Roy, D.C., Biswas, S.K., Saha, A.K., Sikdar, B., Rahman, M., Roy, A.K., Prodhan, Z.H. and Tang, S.S. (2018) Biodegradation of Crystal Violet Dye by Bacteria Isolated from Textile Industry Effluents. PeerJ, 72, e5015. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5015
Boateng, D. (n.d.) Hydrocarbon Degrading Microbes in Some Selected Engine Oil Polluted Sites in the Kumasi Metropolis. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kabwe.
Case, C.L., Tortora, G.J. and Funke, B.R. (2010) Microbiology, an Introduction. Tenth Edition. Pearson Education Inc., San Francisco.
Sultana, B. (2017) Degradation of Dyes Used in Textile Industries by Bacteria Isolated from Local Textile Effluents. BRAC University, Dhaka.
Marimuthu, T., Rajendran, S. and Manivannan, M. (2013) A Review on Bacterial Degradation of Textile Dyes. Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, 3, 201-212.
Srivastava, S. and Khan, K.A. (2014) Decolorization and Degradation of Textile Dyes by Bacterial Isolates. Research in Environment and Life Sciences, 7, 299-304. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266153808_Decolorization_and_degradation_of_textile_dyes_by_bacterial_Isolates
Martinez-Urtaza, J., Lozano-Leon, A., Viña-Feas, A., De Novoa, J. and Garcia-Martin, O. (2006) Differences in the API 20E Biochemical Patterns of Clinical and Environmental Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolates. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 255, 75-81. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2005.00052.x
Guadie, A., Tizazu, S., Melese, M., Guo, W., Ngo, H.H. and Xia, S. (2017) Biodecolorization of Textile Azo Dye Using Bacillus sp. Strain CH12 Isolated from Alkaline Lake. Biotechnology Reports, 15, 92-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2017.06.007
Ogugbue, C.J. and Sawidis, T. (2011) Bioremediation and Detoxification of Synthetic Wastewater Containing Triarylmethane Dyes by Aeromonas hydrophila Isolated from Industrial Effluent. Biotechnology Research International, 2011, Article ID: 967925. https://doi.org/10.4061/2011/967925
Leena, R. and Raj, S. (2008) Bio-Decolourization of Textile Effluent Containing Reactive Black-B by Effluent-Adapted and Non-Adapted Bacteria. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7, 3309-3313. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286292485_Bio%20decolourization_of_textile_effluent_containing_Reactive_Black-B_by_effluent-adapted_and_non-adapted_bacteria
Alalewi, A. and Jiang, C. (2012) Bacterial Influence on Textile Wastewater Decolorization. Journal of Environmental Protection (Irvine, Calif.), 3, 889-903. https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2012.328104
Meerbergen, K. (2018) Decolorization of Textile Wastewater, with an Emphasis on Microbial Treatment Processes. PhD Thesis, KU Leuven, Science, Engineering & Technology, Leuven.
El Bouraie, M. and El Din, W.S. (2016) Biodegradation of Reactive Black 5 by Aeromonas hydrophila Strain Isolated from Dye-Contaminated Textile Wastewater. Sustainable Environment Research, 26, 209-216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.serj.2016.04.014