Effects of Cement Production on the Environment and Human Health at Sekandji, Benin

Abstract

Cement is made by grinding several raw materials. The cement industry contributes to the development of any society. Benin has four cement companies, including Sèkandji. Exposure to cement dust can cause a number of ailments. Cement production also contributes to the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs), which contribute to global warming. The study aims to assess the effects of cement dust on the environment and on the health of the population of Sekandji. This was a cross-sectional study with descriptive and quantitative aims, conducted from May 21 to June 23, 2024. Data were collected using an interview guide from people living in the vicinity of the cement plant, who gave their informed consent to participate in the study. An observation grid was used to assess the environment. Particulate matter was sampled in the immediate vicinity of the cement plant using an AM-4812 anemometer and an air quality monitor. Sampling was non-probabilistic and purposive. Targets were selected for reliability and accuracy of data collection. Data collection was carried out using Kobo Collect software for data collected with the interview guide. Excel 2013 was used for data analysis, tables and graphs, and Microsoft Word 2013 for data entry. A total of 105 residents were selected in the vicinity of the cement plant. The average age of respondents was 35, with a minimum of 20 and a maximum of 50. The dominant age group was between 30 and 39. Males (70) dominated, with a sex ratio equal to 2. The vast majority of respondents (92.38%) said they had noticed or heard about an increase in health problems since the cement plant was set up. However, 70.48% of respondents claimed to have no information on the effects of cement production on the environment. Few respondents (29.52%) were aware of the effects of cement production on the environment. Respiratory, dermatological and ocular disorders were cited as being linked to cement. PM2.5 and PM10 particles were present in very high proportions in the air. The implementation of a serious industrialization policy that takes urbanization into account will guarantee the health safety of the population.