Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient needed in agriculture for proper plant growth and is often introduced into agricultural systems in the form of synthetic-P fertilizers. Struvite (MgNH 4 PO 4 ·6H 2 O) can be precipitated from municipal wastewater, recovering P, and has potential use as an alternative fertilizer-P source. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of fertilizer-P source [ i.e. , synthetic electrochemically precipitated struvite (ECST syn ), real-wastewater derived ECST (ECST real ), chemically precipitated struvite (CPST), and monoammonium phosphate (MAP)], soil, and water source ( i.e. , rainwater, groundwater, and struvite-removed real wastewater) on dissolved nutrient concentrations in runoff water from laboratory rainfall-runoff simulations. Concentration changes in runoff K, Na, Mn, Zn, and Cu were not attributed to fertilizer-P source ( P > 0.05), but rather significant ( P < 0.05) water-soil interactions. Runoff concentration changes for K and Na differed from zero ( P < 0.05) among water source-soil combinations, with runoff K concentration changes ranging from −21.9 to 0.30 mg·L −1 and Na concentration changes ranging from −7.46 to 0.25 mg·L −1 . Runoff concentration changes in Mn, Zn, and Cu did not differ from zero across most water source-soil combinations or were relatively small (<0.12 mg·L −1 ). Monoammonium phosphate produced a significant change in runoff S concentration (0.20 mg∙L −1 ), while changes in S concentration from CPST (0.04 mg·L −1 ), ECST real (−0.02 mg·L −1 ), and ECST syn (−0.03 mg·L −1 ) did not differ from a change of zero. The similarities in micronutrient responses between MAP and struvite treatments suggested potential parallels in fertilizer-P source behavior within an agroecosystem.
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