Physico-Chemical Characteristics of the Products Derived from the Thermolysis of Waste <i>Abies</i> <i>alba</i> <i>Mill</i>. Wood
- 1 Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- 2 Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- 3 Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- 4 Instituto Nacional del Carbón, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Oviedo, Spain
- 5 Instituto Nacional del Carbón, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Oviedo, Spain
- 6 Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
Abstract
This paper reports the physico-chemical characteristics of the products derived from the thermolysis (thermolytic distillation) of waste silver fir ( Abies alba Mill. ) wood at different temperatures (400 ℃ - 600 ℃ ) in a pilot scale plant. De pending on the thermolysis temperature, the procedure yielded 45 - 53 wt% pyroligneous acid with a high water con tent (80 - 86 wt%) and pH ≈ 3.6. The process also produced a carbonaceous solid or biochar (23 - 26 wt%), its proper ties strongly dependent on the thermolysis temperature. Gases (20 - 31 wt%) were also produced; these were trans formed into electrical energy via a gas turbine. The pyroligneous acid was centrifuged to isolate a subfraction composed mostly of phenols (phenol, mequinol and furfural) with a total C content of 68 - 74 wt%. The remainder was subjected to fractionated distillation at laboratory scale, and the distillate subjected to liquid-liquid extraction using diethyl ether in two stages to obtain a bio-oil composed mainly of acetic acid ( ≈47%), aldehydes, ketones and alcohols (≈31%), phe - nols ( ≈18%) and aliphatic alcohols. The characteristics of the bio-oil depended on the thermolysis temperature.
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