Removal of Di-2-Ethyl Hexyl Phthalates by Membrane Bioreactor
- 1 Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
- 2 Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
- 3 Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
Abstract
A lab scale membrane bioreactor system was built to investigate the removal of Di-2-Ethyl Hexyl Phthalates (DEHP) in wastewater under variation of three runs: two hydraulic retention time (HRT) 24 and 36 hours in addition to two bio mass: concentrated and light sludge. Solid phase extraction (SPE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was applied to quantitatively identify DEHP in wastewater samples. Membrane bioreactor was built and operated to investigate DEHP removal. Higher HRT removed DEHP more efficiently than lower HRT. The concentrated MLSS could achieve higher removal efficiency than the lighter MLSS at the same HRT value. The performance of MBR in removing DEHP, TOC and COD from wastewater with a maximum removal efficiency were 29%, 85%, and 98%, respectively. Mass balance of DEHP in the system indicated that a ma jority was removed by adsorption process rather than filtration or microbiological process.
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), “Toxicological Profile for Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP),” US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Atlanta, 2002.
- H. Chan, C. Chan, P. Ang and P. Wong, “Integrated Biosorption and Photo Catalytic Oxidation Treatment of Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate,” Journal of Applied Phycology, Vol. 19, No. 6, 2007, pp. 745-753. doi:10.1007/s10811-007-9218-z
- C. Dargnat, M. Teil, M. Chevreuil and M. Blanchard, “Phthalate Removal throughout Wastewater Treatment Plant: Case Study of Marne Aval station (France),” Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 407, No. 4, 2009, pp. 1235-1244. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.10.027
- S. K. Marttinen, R. H. Kettunen, K. M. Sormunen and J. A. Rintala, “Removal of Bis (2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate at a Sewage Treatment Plant,” Water Research, Vol. 37, No. 6, 2003, pp. 1385-1393. doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00486-4
- M. Khan and J. Jung, “Ozonation Catalyzed by Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysts for Degradation of DEHP in Aqueous Phase,” Chemosphere, Vol. 72, No. 4, 2008, pp. 690-696. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.02.037
- C. Chen, “The Oxidation of Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP) in Aqueous Solution by UV/H 2 O 2 Photolysis,” Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, Vol. 209, No. 1-4, 2009, pp. 411-417. doi:10.1007/s11270-009-0209-3
- C. Chen, P. Wu and Y. Chung, “Coupled Biological and Photo-Fenton Pretreatment System for the Removal of Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP) from Water,” Bioresource Technology, Vol. 100, No. 19, 2009, pp. 4531-4534. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2009.04.020
- M. Bodzek, M. Dudziak and K. Luks-Betlej, “Application of Membrane Techniques to Water Purification. Removal of Phthalates,” Desalination, Vol. 162, 2004, pp. 121-128. doi:10.1016/S0011-9164(04)00035-9
- J. Sanchez, J. Bonet, G. Velasco and S. Lacorte, “Determination and Occurrence of Phthalates, Alkylphenols, Bisphenol A, PBDEs, PCBs and PAHs in an Industrial Sewage Grid Discharging to a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant,” Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 407, No. 13, 2009, pp. 4157-4167. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.03.016
- R. Reif, S. Suarez, F. Omil and J. Lema, “Fate of Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetic Ingredients during the Operation of a MBR Treating Sewage,” Desalination, Vol. 221, No. 1-3, 2008, pp. 511-517. doi:10.1016/j.desal.2007.01.111
- APHA, AWWA, and WEF, “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (20th Edition),” American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association and Water Environment Federation, Washington DC,1998.