Seasonal Variation of the Physicochemical Properties of Water Samples in Mahanadi Estuary, East Coast of India
- 1 KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
- 2 KIIT University, Bhubaneswar
- 3 CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
- 4 CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
Abstract
The two major sources which are contributing to marine pollution are natural processes as well as anthropogenic activities. The natural process includes precipitation, erosion, weathering of crystal material whereas anthropogenic activities are urbanization, industrialization, mining and agricultural activities , etc. Mahanadi is the biggest river source of Odisha which joins the Bay of Bengal at Paradip. Paradip Township is an urbanized well - developed industrial township where various anthropogenic activities are contributing pollution to the water sources. In the present study, an attempt has been made to estimate and monitor the seasonal and spatial variation of physiochemical properties of the Mahanadi estuary, the East Coast coastal belt of India. The result revealed that there is a remarkable variation in the physiochemical parameters such as pH , salinity, TSS, DO, BOD, NO 2 N, NO 3 N, NH 4 N, TN, TP, SIO 4 and Chl-a which are attributed to the runoff water getting discharged to the coastal water sources. It is being recommended to treat waste water and materials before discharging them to the marine water medium .
- R. Pai and M. P. M. Reddy, “Distribution of Nutrients of Malpe, South Kanara Coast,” Indian Journal of Marine Science, Vol. 10, No. 4, 1981, pp. 322-326.
- G. J. Chakrapani and V. Subramanian, “Rate of Erosion and Sedimentation in the Mahanadi River Basin, India,” Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 149, No. 1-4, 1993, pp. 39-48. doi:10.1016/0022-1694(93)90098-T
- B. B. Nayak, J. Das, U. C. Panda and B. C. Acharya, “Industrial Effluents and Muncipal Sewage Contamination of Mahanadi Estuarine Water, Orissa,” Proceedings, Published Allied Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India, 2002, pp. 77-86.
- B. B. Nayak, B. N. Sahoo, B. C. Acharya and R. K. Sahoo, “Studies on Water and Sediment Qualities around Dhamara Estuary, Orissa,” Vistas in Geological Research, Utkal University Spl. Publication in Geology, Vol. 2, 1997, pp. 243-250.
- I. Radhakrishna, “Saline Fresh Water Interface Structure in Mahanadi Delta Region, Orissa, India,” Environmental Geology, Vol. 40, No. 3, 2001, pp. 369-380. doi:10.1007/s002540000182
- S. K. Sundaray, U. C. Panda, B. B. Nayak and D. Bhatta, “Behaviour and Distribution Pattern of Nutrients in River-Estuarine Waters of Mahanadi, Orissa, India,” Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2005, pp. 77-84.
- S. K. Sundaray, U. C. Panda, B. B. Nayak and D. Bhatta, “Multivariate Statistical Techniques for the Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Variation in Water Quality of the Mahanadi River—Estuarine System (India)—A Case Study,” Environmental Geochemistry and Health, Vol. 28, No. 4, 2006, pp. 317-330.
- K. O. Konhauser, M. A. Powell, W. S. Fife, F. J. Long-staffle and S. Tripathy, “Trace Element Geochemistry of River Sediment, Orissa State, India,” Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 193, No. 1-4, 1997, pp. 258-269.
- K. Sarala Devi, V. N. Sankaranarayanan and P. Venugopal, “Distribution of Nutrients in the Periyar River Estuary,” Indian Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol. 20, 1991, pp. 49-54.
- G. J. Chakrapani and V. Subramanian, “Preliminary Studies on the Geochemistry of the Mahanadi Basin, India,” Chemical Geology, Vol. 81, No. 3, 1990, pp. 241-253. doi:10.1016/0009-2541(90)90118-Q
- M. Vega, R. Pardo, E. Barrado and L. Deban, “Assessment of Seasonal and Polluting Effects on the Quality of River Water by Exploratory Data Analysis,” Water Research, Vol. 32, No. 12, 1998, pp. 3581-3592. doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00138-9
- S. N Desouza, R. Sengupta, S. Sanzigiri and M. D. Rajgopal, “Studies on Nutrients of Mandovi and Zuari River Systems,” Indian Journal of Marine Sciences, Vol. 10, 1981, pp. 314-321. doi:10.1007/s10653-005-9001-5