Spatiotemporal Analysis of Urban Sprawl and Its Contributions to Climate and Environment of Peshawar Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
- 1 Department of Space Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- 2 Department of Space Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- 3 Department of Space Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- 4 Punjab University College of Information Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- 5 Punjab University College of Information Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Abstract
This research study predominantly emphases on spatiotemporal extensions of urban area of Peshawar; its adverse impacts and contributions to climate and environment during 1931 to 2011. To probe these interventions, meteorological data, Satellite’s temporal imagery of Landsat ETM+ and TM, anthropogenic and demographic secondary data were congregated. In relation to map out land cover changes, maximum likelihood classification algorithm and followed by change detection techniques were applied to study area. The outcome of this process was further subjected through Geographic Information System (GIS) overlay analysis which suggested a clear straggle in urban area. Auxiliary data (Population growth rate, transportation, electricity connections, etc.) also support the fact of urban area extension. This study proposes that severs contributions of massive heat energy and CO 2 have been added to local climate and environment ensuing substantial increment in temperature drawn out from the trends. Consequently, Remote Sensing, GIS and allied data were found to be effective to gauge such variations. To eliminate anomalies in sprawl and environment, few suggestions and recommendation are made in latter part of this study.
- Rahim T., Zeb A. and Shoukat S. (2007) Urbanization in North West Frontier Province. Sarhad Journal Database, 23, 233-242.
- Houghton, J.T., Ding, Y., Griggs, D.J., Noguer, M., van der Linden, P. J., Xiaosu D., Maskell, K. and Johnson, C.A. (2010) Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 866 p. http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/
- Maktav, D. and Erber, F.S. (2005) Analysis of Urban Growth Using Multi-Temporal Satellite Data in Istanbul. Turkey International Journal of Remote Sensing, 26, 797-810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431160512331316784
- Masek, J.G., Lindsay, F.E. and Goward, S.N. (2000) Dynamics of Urban Growth in the Washington DC Metropolitan Area, 1973-1996, from Landsat Observations. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 21, 3473-3486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/014311600750037507
- Okabe, A. (2006) GIS-Based Studies in the Humanities and Social Sciences. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, London.
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2001) “Question 8”, Climate Change 2001: Synthesis Report. A Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Third Assessment Report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In: Watson, R.T. and the Core Writing Team, Eds., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 123-134. http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/vol4/english/060.htm
- District Census Report, Peshawar (1998) Department of Statistics. Khyber Pakhtoon Khawa.
- Lillesand, T.M. and Kiefer, R.W. (1994) Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation. 4th Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
- Shalaby, A. and Gad, A. (2010) Urban Sprawl Impact Assessment on the Fertile Agricultural Land of Egypt Using Remote Sensing and Digital Soil Database, Case Study. Qalubiya Governorate, US-Egypt Workshop.
- Weng, Q. (2010) Remote Sensing and GIS Integration; Theories, Methods, and Applications. McGraw-Hill Companies Inc., New York.