This paper considers the time frame of organizational capabilities to performance by placing the transformational leadership (TL) as the boundary condition within the public sector. Using the Resource-Based View (RBV), management commitment (MC), green process innovation (GPI), and communication effectiveness (CE) are developed as important capabilities that affect the organizational performance (OP). The study employs direct and moderation effects, using survey data of 390 employees of the UAE Ministry of Interior and PLS-SEM analysis. The results show that both MC, GPI, and CE have considerable positive impacts on OP. More to the point, TL plays a much stronger role in reinforcing the performance effect of GPI and CE, but has a relatively smaller moderating effect on MC. The findings change the perspective on leadership as a mediating mechanism to a situational facilitator that dictates when capabilities are most productive. This research paper adds to the RBV in that, it presents a moderation-based approach to the issue and also provides a realistic contribution to the values of the public-sector organizations interested in maximizing their performance through coherent leadership and the development of capabilities.
KeywordsTransformational LeadershipManagement CommitmentGreen Process InnovationCommunication EffectivenessOrganizational PerformanceUAE Public SectorResource-Based ViewModeration
Abid, N., Dowling, M., Ceci, F., & Aftab, J. (2023). Does Resource Bricolage Foster SMEs’ Competitive Advantage and Financial Performance? A Resource-Based Perspective. Business Strateg y and the Environment, 32, 5833-5853. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3451
Adusei, E., Demah, E., & Boso, R. K. (2023). Top Management Commitment in Greening Supply Chain Operations: Post-COVID-19 Perspectives from an Emerging Economy. Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing, 16, 773-797. https://doi.org/10.1108/JGOSS-03-2022-0021
Bargenda, A. (2019). Aesthetic CSR Communication: A Global Perspective on Organizational Art Collections. In A. Bartoli, J. L. Guerrero, & P. Hermel (Eds.), Responsible Organizations in the G lobal Context (pp. 117-132). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11458-9_7
Barney, J. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, 17, 99-120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
Bataineh, M. J., Sánchez‐Sellero, P., & Ayad, F. (2024). Green Is the New Black: How Research and Development and Green Innovation Provide Businesses a Competitive Edge. Business Strategy and the Environment, 33, 1004-1023. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3533
Braga Junior, S. S., da Silva, D. D., Gabriel, M. L. D. S., & De Oliveira Braga, W. R. (2018). The Influence of Environmental Concern and Purchase Intent in Buying Green Products. Asian Journal of Behavioural Studies, 3, 183-193. https://doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i12.134
Casado-Aranda, L., Sánchez-Fernández, J., Ibáñez-Zapata, J., & Liébana-Cabanillas, F. J. (2020). How Consumer Ethnocentrism Modulates Neural Processing of Domestic and Foreign Products: A Neuroimaging Study. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 53, Article ID: 101961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.101961
Charoensukmongkol, P., & Lamsam, N. (2022). Effect of CEO Transformational Leadership on Organizational Ethical Culture and Firm Performance: The Moderating Effect of Competitive Intensity. Jo urnal of Asia Business Studies , 17, 539-558. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-12-2021-0513
Cheah, J. H., Thurasamy, R., Memon, M. A., Chuah, F., & Ting, H. (2020). Multigroup Analysis Using SmartPLS: Step-By-Step Guidelines for Business Research. Asian Journal of Business Research, 10, I-XIX. https://doi.org/10.14707/ajbr.200087
Dai, R., & Zhang, J. (2017). Green Process Innovation and Differentiated Pricing Strategies with Environmental Concerns of South-North Markets. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 98, 132-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2016.12.009
de Azevedo Rezende, L., Bansi, A. C., Alves, M. F. R., & Galina, S. V. R. (2019). Take Your Time: Examining When Green Innovation Affects Financial Performance in Multinationals. Journal of Cleaner Production, 233, 993-1003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.06.135
Desti Febrian, W., Muliyati,, Lily,, Rajab, M., & Thamrin AR, M. (2023). Transactional Leadership: Employee Performance and Organizational Performance (Literature Review). East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2, 1129-1142. https://doi.org/10.55927/eajmr.v2i3.3410
Diaz, C. M., Egide, A., Berry, A., Rafferty, M., Amro, A., Tesorero, K. et al. (2023). Defining Conditions for Effective Interdisciplinary Care Team Communication in an Open Surgical Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Study. BMJ Open, 13, e075470. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075470
Dubey, R., Gunasekaran, A., Childe, S. J., Blome, C., & Papadopoulos, T. (2019). Big Data and Predictive Analytics and Manufacturing Performance: Integrating Institutional Theory, Resource-Based View and Big Data Culture. British Journal of Management, 30, 341-361. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12355
Ebaid, I. E. S. (2023). Nexus between Sustainability Reporting and Corporate Financial Performance: Evidence from an Emerging Market. International Journal of Law and Management, 65, 152-171. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-03-2022-0073
Ekaabi, M., Khalid, K., & Davidson, R. (2020). The Service Quality and Satisfaction of Smart Policing in the UAE. Cogent Business & Management, 7, Article ID: 1751904. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1751904
Feng, Z., & Chen, W. (2018). Environmental Regulation, Green Innovation, and Industrial Green Development: An Empirical Analysis Based on the Spatial Durbin Model. Sustainability, 10, Article 223. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10010223
Gachira, J. N., & Ntara, C. (2024). Effect of Transformational Leadership on Organisational Performance of Top 100 SMEs in Nairobi, Kenya. Journal of Human Resource & Leadership, 8, 82-99.
Games, D., Hidayat, T., Fhardilha, J., Fernando, Y., & Kurnia Sari, D. (2022). The Impact of Trust, Knowledge Sharing, and Affective Commitment on SME Innovation Performance. Journal of Gove rnance and Integrity, 5, 267-274. https://doi.org/10.15282/jgi.5.2.2022.7184
Garrido-Moreno, A., Lockett, N., & García-Morales, V. (2014). Paving the Way for CRM Success: The Mediating Role of Knowledge Management and Organizational Commitment. Information & Management, 51, 1031-1042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2014.06.006
Gomes, J. V., & Romão, M. J. B. (2023). Gaining a Competitive Advantage through Benefits Management. International Journal of Strategic Decision Sciences, 14, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijsds.318340
Gong, R., Wu, Y. Q., Chen, F. W., & Yan, T. H. (2020). Labor Costs, Market Environment and Green Technological Innovation: Evidence from High-Pollution Firms. International Journal of Environ mental Research and Public Health, 17, Article 522. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020522
Greve, H. R. (2021). The Resource-Based View and Learning Theory: Overlaps, Differences, and a Shared Future. Journal of Management, 47, 1720-1733. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206320967732
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to Use and How to Report the Results of Pls-sem. European Business Review, 31, 2-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/ebr-11-2018-0203
Hansbrough, T. K., & Schyns, B. (2018). The Appeal of Transformational Leadership. Journal of Leadership Studies, 12, 19-32. https://doi.org/10.1002/jls.21571
Hariharan, K., & Anand, V. (2023). Transformational Leadership and Learning Flows. The Learning Organization, 30 , 309-325. https://doi.org/10.1108/tlo-09-2021-0115
Hasan, S. A. S., Waghule, S. N., & Hasan, M. B. (2024). Linking Environmental Management Accounting to Environmental Performance: The Role of Top Management Support and Institutional Pressures. Cogent Business & Management, 11, Article ID: 2296700. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2296700
Henseler, J. (2017). Partial Least Squares Path Modeling. In P. Leeflang, J. Wieringa, T. Bijmolt, & K. Pauwels (Eds.), Advanced Methods for Modeling Markets (pp. 361-381). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53469-5_12
Hilton, S. K., Madilo, W., Awaah, F., & Arkorful, H. (2023). Dimensions of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Performance: The Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction. Management Research Review, 46, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1108/mrr-02-2021-0152
Hoai, T. T., Hung, B. Q., & Nguyen, N. P. (2022). The Impact of Internal Control Systems on the Intensity of Innovation and Organizational Performance of Public Sector Organizations in Vietnam: The Moderating Role of Transformational Leadership. Heliyon , 8, e08954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08954
Hsiao, M. H. (2024). Resource Integration and Firm Performance through Organizational Capabilities for Digital Transformation. Digital Transformation and Society . https://doi.org/10.1108/dts-07-2023-0050
Huang, J. W., & Li, Y. H. (2017). Green Innovation and Performance: The View of Organizational Capability and Social Reciprocity. Journal of Business Ethics, 145, 309-324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2903-y
Hult, M., Terkamo-Moisio, A., Kaakinen, P., Karki, S., Nurmeksela, A., Palonen, M. et al. (2023). Relationships between Nursing Leadership and Organizational, Staff and Patient Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Reviews. Nursing Open, 10, 5920-5936. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.1876
Hussain, T., Abid, N., & Samuel, A. (2020). Competence Analysis of Elementary School Teachers with Respect to Effective Communication and Proficient Use of Information Communication Technologies. Bulletin of Education and Research, 42, 117-130.
Isaac, O., Abdullah, Z., Ramayah, T., & Mutahar, A. M. (2017). Internet Usage, User Satisfaction, Task-Technology Fit, and Performance Impact among Public Sector Employees in Yemen. The International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 34, 210-241. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijilt-11-2016-0051
Islam, M. N., Furuoka, F., & Idris, A. (2021). Mapping the Relationship between Transformational Leadership, Trust in Leadership and Employee Championing Behavior during Organizational Change. Asia Pacific Management Review, 26, 95-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2020.09.002
Jabbarzare, E., & Shafighi, N. (2019). Total Quality Management Practices and Organizational Performance. Open Science Journal of Statistics Application, 6, 6-12.
Jiang, H., & Men, R. L. (2017). Creating an Engaged Workforce: The Impact of Authentic Leadership, Transparent Organizational Communication, and Work-Life Enrichment. Communication Research, 44, 225-243. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650215613137
Jiang, Y., Ding, X., & Zhang, J. (2024). Toward Environmental Efficiency: Analyzing the Impact of Green Innovation Initiatives in Enterprises. Managerial and Decision Economics, 46, 1206-1223. https://doi.org/10.1002/mde.4429
Jiatong, W., Wang, Z., Alam, M., Murad, M., Gul, F., & Gill, S. A. (2022). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Affective Organizational Commitment and Job Performance: The Mediating Role of Employee Engagement. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 931060. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.831060
Jun, K., & Lee, J. (2023). Transformational Leadership and Followers’ Innovative Behavior: Roles of Commitment to Change and Organizational Support for Creativity. Behavioral Sciences, 13, Article 320. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13040320
Jurevicius, O. (2021). Resource-Based View. https://strategicmanagementinsight.com/tools/resource-based-view/
Kalogiannidis, S. (2020). Impact of Effective Business Communication on Employee Performance. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 5 . https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2020.5.6.631
Kao, R. H. (2017). The Relationship between Work Characteristics and Change-Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Personnel Review, 46, 1890-1914. https://doi.org/10.1108/pr-01-2016-0012
Karatepe, H. K., & Türkmen, E. (2023). Serial-Multiple Mediation of Transformational and Clinical Leadership in the Relationship between Work Overload and Quality of Work Life among Nurses: A Job Demands-Resources Framework. Collegian, 30, 521-529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2023.03.008
Karia, A. (2023). Efficacy of Selected Human Resource Management Practices on Performance of Public Sector Organizations: A Study of Public Water Utilities in Tanzania. International Journal of Research in Human Resource Management, 5, 62-67. https://doi.org/10.33545/26633213.2023.v5.i1a.131
Katou, A. A., Koupkas, M., & Triantafillidou, E. (2022). Job Demands-Resources Model, Transformational Leadership and Organizational Performance: A Multilevel Study. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 71, 2704-2722. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-06-2020-0342
Kaur Bagga, S., Gera, S., & Haque, S. N. (2023). The Mediating Role of Organizational Culture: Transformational Leadership and Change Management in Virtual Teams. Asia Pacific Management Review, 28, 120-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2022.07.003
Kazmi, S., Kanwal, F., Rathore, K., Faheem, K., & Fatima, A. (2021). The Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Organisational Learning Capability with the Mediating Role of Perceived Human Resource Effectiveness. South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management, 8, 133-157. https://doi.org/10.1177/2322093721997197
Kerr, S., & Jermier, J. M. (1978). Substitutes for Leadership: Their Meaning and Measurement. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 22, 375-403. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(78)90023-5
Khanra, S., Kaur, P., Joseph, R. P., Malik, A., & Dhir, A. (2022). A Resource‐based View of Green Innovation as a Strategic Firm Resource: Present Status and Future Directions. Business Strategy and the Environment, 31, 1395-1413. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2961
Kimario, J. (2019). Influence of Customer Demand and Green Product Innovation on Firms’ Performance: A Case of Food Processing Firms in Tanzania. ORSEA Journal, 4, 1-10.
Kliangsa-Art, S., & Oentoro, W. (2022). Exploring the Internal Mechanism between Top Management Commitment, Innovation Capability, and Service Performance, Moderated by the Direction of Communication in the Thai Hotel Industry. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6, 1054-1072.
Koch, B. J., & Koch, P. L. T. (2018). Joint Venture Survival in China: The Importance of Tangible and Intangible Trust. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 12, 173-192. https://doi.org/10.1108/jabs-05-2016-0070
Kock, N. (2015). Common Method Bias in PLS-SEM: A Full Collinearity Assessment Approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration, 11, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2015100101
Kraus, S., Rehman, S. U., & García, F. J. S. (2020). Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Performance: The Mediating Role of Environmental Strategy and Green Innovation. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 160, Article ID: 120262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120262
Kristina, (2020). The Organizational Communication Perspective Theory. Journal of Sosial Science, 1, 61-74. https://doi.org/10.46799/jsss.v1i3.37
Ladogina, A., Samoylenko, I., Golovina, V., Razina, N., & Petushkova, E. (2020). Communication Effectiveness in Social Networks of Leading Universities. Revista científica de información y comunicación , No. 17 , 319-344. https://doi.org/10.12795/ic.2020.i17.14
Lambert, S. (2022). Measuring Emotions and Empathy in Educational Leadership. In V. Wang (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Educational Leadership and Research Methodology (pp. 162-181). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4144-2.ch010
Lamsam, N., & Charoensukmongkol, P. (2023). Effect of CEO Transformational Leadership on Organizational Ethical Culture and Firm Performance: The Moderating Effect of Competitive Intensity. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 17, 539-558. https://doi.org/10.1108/jabs-12-2021-0513
Lan, T. S., Chuang, K. C., Li, H. X., Tu, J. F., & Huang, H. S. (2020). Symmetric Modeling of Communication Effectiveness and Satisfaction for Communication Software on Job Performance. Symmetry, 12, Article 418. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12030418
Lathabhavan, R., & Kaur, S. (2023). Promoting Green Employee Behaviour from the Lens of Green Transformational Leadership. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 44, 994-1015. https://doi.org/10.1108/lodj-05-2023-0233
Li, M., Tian, Z., Liu, Q., & Lu, Y. (2022). Literature Review and Research Prospect on the Drivers and Effects of Green Innovation. Sustainability, 14, Article 9858. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14169858
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2019). The Development of Goal Setting Theory: A Half Century Retrospective. Motivation Science, 5, 93-105. https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000127
Lu, J., Ren, L., Zhang, C., Rong, D., Ahmed, R. R., & Streimikis, J. (2020). Modified Carroll’s Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility to Enhance Organizational Performance of SMEs Industry. Journal of Cleaner Production, 271, Article ID: 122456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122456
Ma, Y., Zhang, Q., & Yin, Q. (2019). Influence of Environmental Management on Green Process Innovation: Comparison of Multiple Mediating Effects Based on Routine Replication. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16, Article 4346. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224346
Maan, P., & Srivastava, D. K. (2023). Factors Affecting Team Performance: An Empirical Study of Indian Geny and Genz Cohorts. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 42, 986-1006. https://doi.org/10.1108/edi-05-2022-0114
Murmura, F., Bravi, L., & Palazzi, F. (2017). Evaluating Companies’ Commitment to Corporate Social Responsibility: Perceptions of the SA 8000 Standard. Journal of Cleaner Production, 164, 1406-1418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.073
Muthulakshmi, P., & Muthumoni, A. (2023). Determinants of Financial Performance—A Comparative Analysis of Public Sector Non-Life Insurers in India. SDMIMD Journal of Management, 14 , 25-33. https://doi.org/10.18311/sdmimd/2023/32475
Mysirlaki, S., & Paraskeva, F. (2020). Emotional Intelligence and Transformational Leadership in Virtual Teams: Lessons from MMOGs. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 41, 551-566. https://doi.org/10.1108/lodj-01-2019-0035
Naeem, R. M., Channa, K. A., Hameed, Z., Ali Arain, G., & Islam, Z. U. (2021). The Future of Your Job Represents Your Future: A Moderated Mediation Model of Transformational Leadership and Job Crafting. Personnel Review, 50, 207-224. https://doi.org/10.1108/pr-07-2019-0404
Naumovska, I., & Zajac, E. J. (2022). How Inductive and Deductive Generalization Shape the Guilt-By-Association Phenomenon among Firms: Theory and Evidence. Organization Science, 33, 373-392. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1440
Oh, Y. (2023). Communication and Team Cohesion Moderate the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Athletic Performance. Sage Open, 13 . https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231195196
Purwanto, A., Purba, J. T., Sijabat, R., & Bernarto, I. (2021). The Role of Transformational Leadership, Organizational Citizenship Behaviour, Innovative Work Behaviour, Quality Work Life, Digital Transformation and Leader Member Exchange on Universities Performance. Linguistica Antverpiensia , 2, 2908.
Qalati, S. A., Zafar, Z., Fan, M., Sánchez Limón, M. L., & Khaskheli, M. B. (2022). Employee Performance under Transformational Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Mediated Model. Heliyon , 8, e11374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11374
Qiu, L., Jie, X., Wang, Y., & Zhao, M. (2020). Green Product Innovation, Green Dynamic Capability, and Competitive Advantage: Evidence from Chinese Manufacturing Enterprises. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27, 146-165. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1780
Qu, K., & Liu, Z. (2022). Green Innovations, Supply Chain Integration and Green Information System: A Model of Moderation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 339, Article ID: 130557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130557
Rapizal, N. U., & Mohd Fuzi, N. (2023). Lean Management Practices on Organizational Performance in Malaysian Public Universities. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13, 1330-1335. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v13-i2/16482
Rasminingsih, N. K. N., Wardana, I. M. A., & Sanjiwani, P. A. P. (2022). Transformational Leadership and Workplace Spirituality on Employee Performance Mediated by Organizational Commitment. Journal of International Conference Proceedings, 5, 278-285. https://doi.org/10.32535/jicp.v5i1.1477
Rehman, S. U., Kraus, S., Shah, S. A., Khanin, D., & Mahto, R. V. (2021). Analyzing the Relationship between Green Innovation and Environmental Performance in Large Manufacturing Firms. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 163, Article ID: 120481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120481
Rice, R. E., Evans, S. K., Pearce, K. E., Sivunen, A., Vitak, J., & Treem, J. W. (2017). Organizational Media Affordances: Operationalization and Associations with Media Use. Journal of Communication, 67, 106-130. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12273
Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., Pick, M., Liengaard, B. D., Radomir, L., & Ringle, C. M. (2022). Progress in Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling Use in Marketing Research in the Last Decade. Psychology & Marketing, 39, 1035-1064. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21640
Schyns, B., Kiefer, T., & Foti, R. J. (2020). Does Thinking of Myself as Leader Make Me Want to Lead? The Role of Congruence in Self-Theories and Implicit Leadership Theories in Motivation to Lead. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 122, Article ID: 103477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103477
Spencer, L. M., Schooley, M. W., Anderson, L. A., Kochtitzky, C. S., DeGroff, A. S., Devlin, H. M. et al. (2013). Seeking Best Practices: A Conceptual Framework for Planning and Improving Evidence-Based Practices. Preventing Chronic Disease, 10, Article ID: 1301867. https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd10.130186
Sun, Y., & Sun, H. (2021). Green Innovation Strategy and Ambidextrous Green Innovation: The Mediating Effects of Green Supply Chain Integration. Sustainability, 13, Article 4876. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094876
Sürücü, L., Maslakçi, A., & Sesen, H. (2022). Transformational Leadership, Job Performance, Self-Efficacy, and Leader Support: Testing a Moderated Mediation Model. Baltic Journal of Management, 17, 467-483. https://doi.org/10.1108/bjm-08-2021-0306
Tarigan, Z. J. H., Mochtar, J., Basana, S. R., & Siagian, H. (2021). The Effect of Competency Management on Organizational Performance through Supply Chain Integration and Quality. Uncertain S upply Chain Management, 9, 283-294. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.uscm.2021.3.004
Tashakkori, A., Johnson, R. B., & Teddlie, C. (2020). Foundations of Mixed Methods Research: Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches in the Social and Behavioral Sciences . Sage publications.
Turban, J. L., Almazan, A. N., Reisner, S. L., & Keuroghlian, A. S. (2022). https://doi.org/10.1089/trgh.2021.0132
Walden, J., Jung, E. H., & Westerman, C. Y. K. (2017). Employee Communication, Job Engagement, and Organizational Commitment: A Study of Members of the Millennial Generation. Journal of Public Relations Research, 29, 73-89. https://doi.org/10.1080/1062726x.2017.1329737
Wang, N., Zhang, J., Zhang, X., & Wang, W. (2022). How to Improve Green Innovation Performance: A Conditional Process Analysis. Sustainability, 14, Article 2938. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052938
Yusliza, M. Y., Norazmi, N. A., Jabbour, C. J. C., Fernando, Y., Fawehinmi, O., & Seles, B. M. R. P. (2019). Top Management Commitment, Corporate Social Responsibility and Green Human Resource Management. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 26, 2051-2078. https://doi.org/10.1108/bij-09-2018-0283