Dynamics of Entrepreneurship under Regime Switching
- 1 School of Finance, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Financial Information Technology, Shanghai, China
- 2 School of Finance, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Financial Information Technology, Shanghai, China
- 3 School of Finance, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Financial Information Technology, Shanghai, China
Abstract
We propose a tractable model of entrepreneur dynamics where the investment conditions are stochastic. Applying the approach of stochastic control and optimization, we solve the dynamics of the entrepreneur’s optimal investment, con sumption and portfolio allocation under regime switching. We find that the interactions of precautionary savings and liquidation boundary advance/postpone motives generate rich implications for entrepreneur dynamics. Facing the threat of financial crisis, entrepreneurs build cash reserves and bring forward liquidation option exercise to mitigate downside risk. During the bad times, entrepreneurs value financial slack and postpone liquidation boundary to maintain the busi ness and wait for the good state to come.
- J. Hamilton, “A New Approach to the Economic Analysis of Nonstationary Time Series and the Business Cycle,” Econometrica, Vol. 57, No. 2, 1989, pp. 357-384. doi:10.2307/1912559
- T. Honda, “Optimal Portfolio Choice for Unobservable and Regime-Switching Mean Returns,” Journal of Economic Dynamic & Control, Vol. 28, No. 1, 2003, pp. 45-78. doi:10.1016/S0165-1889(02)00106-9
- X. Guo, J. Miao and E. Morellec, “Irreversible Investment with Regime Shifts,” Journal of Economic Theory, Vol. 122, No. 1, 2005, pp. 37-59. doi:10.1016/j.jet.2004.04.005
- M. Campello, J. R. Graham and C. R. Harvey, “The Real Effects of Financial Constraints: Evidence from a Financial Crisis,” Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 97, No. 3, 2010, pp. 470-487. doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2010.02.009
- V. Ivashina and D. Scharfstein, “Bank Lending during the Financial Crisis of 2008,” Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 97, No. 1, 2010, pp. 319-338. doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2009.12.001
- C. Wang, N. Wang and J. Yang, “A Unified Model of Entrepreneurship Dynamics,” Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 106, No. 1, 2012, pp. 1-23. doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2012.05.002
- E. Hurst and A. Lusardi, “Liquidity Constraints, Household Wealth, and Entrepreneurship,” Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 112, No. 2, 2004, pp. 319-347. doi:10.1086/381478
- N. Herranz, S. Krasa and A. Villamil, “Entrepreneurs, Legal Institutions and Firm Dynamics,” Unpublished Working Paper, University of Illinois, 2009.
- H. Chen, J. Miao and N. Wang, “Entrepreneurial Finance and Non-Diversifiable Risk,” Review of Financial Studies, Vol. 23, No. 12, 2010, pp. 4348-4388. doi:10.1093/rfs/hhq122
- H. E. Leland, “Corporate Debt Value, Bond Covenants, and Optimal Capital Structure,” Journal of Finance, Vol. 49, No. 4, 1994, pp. 1213-1252. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1994.tb02452.x
- R. E. Hall and S. E. Woodward, “The Burden of the NonDiversifiable Risk of Entrepreneurship,” American Economic Review, Vol. 100, No. 3, 2010, pp. 1163-1194. doi:10.1257/aer.100.3.1163
- J. Driffill, T. Kenc and M. Sola, “Merton-Style Option Pricing under Regime Switching,” Working Paper, 2002.
- H. Chen, “Macroeconomic Conditions and the Puzzles of Credit Spreads and Capital Structure,” Journal of Finance, Vol. 65, No. 6, 2010, pp. 2171-2212. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.2010.01613.x