Experimental Alternative to the Determination of the Thermal Dependence of the Complex Modulus of Asphalt Mixes in Dry Tropical Areas
- 1 Institut de Génie des Systèmes Industrielles de Textiles, Ecole Polytechnique de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- 2 Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- 3 Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- 4 Institut de Génie des Systèmes Industrielles de Textiles, Ecole Polytechnique de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Abstract
Current pavement design methods do not allow for the reduction of early deformation of the surface layers of bituminous pavements in the city of Ouagadougou. Weather conditions combined with traffic, particularly during heat waves, are factors. The temperature at the surface of the bituminous pavement can reach 62 ? C but the complex modulus associated with this temperature is not taken into account in the design, hence the interest in proposing laws of dependence of the complex moduli is taken into account in the maximum temperatures of the pavement surface. The objective of this paper is to propose an experimental method to determine the temperature dependence of the complex moduli of asphalt mixes for temperatures between 40 ? C and 70 ? C. This experimental method consists of performing axial compression tests on cylindrical asphalt specimens. It was applied to three different formulas of bituminous mixes, intended for the wearing course, obtained from mixes of crushed granites, granular classes 6/10, 4/6 and 0/4, pure bitumens of grade 50/70, 35/50 and modified bitumen of grade 10/65. The comparative study of the experimental results obtained with the results of a semi-empirical methodology revealed a root mean square deviation from the mean of between 6.58% and 14.8% of the norms of the complex moduli (modulus of rigidity) of the asphalt mixes for a fixed frequency of solicitations of 10 Hz. The consistency of these results with data from the literature led to the initial conclusion that asphalt mixes formulated with 35/50 and 10/65 bitumen would have better compressive strength than those formulated with 50/70 bitumen, for exposure temperatures between 40 ? C and 70 ? C. This experimental approach could be an alternative to the complex modulus test for determining the modulus of rigidity for design purposes under real pavement exposure conditions in the city of Ouagadougou during heat waves.
- Airey, G.D., Rahimzadeh, B. and Collop, A.C. (2002) Evaluation of the Linear and Non-Linear Viscoelastic Behaviour of Bituminous Binders and Asphalt Mixtures. In: Correia, A.G. and Branco, F.E.F., Eds., International Symposium on Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields, CRC Press, London, 799-811.
- Di Benedetto, H., de La Roche, C., Baaj, H., Pronk, A.C. and Lundstrom, R. (2004) Fatigue of Bituminous Mixes: Different Approaches and RILEM Group Contribution. Materials and Structure, 37, 202-216.
- AASHTO TP 62-07 (2007) Standard Method of Test for Determining Dynamic Modulus of Hot-Mix Asphalt Concrete Mixtures. Standard Specifications for Transportation and Methods of Sampling and Testing, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington DC.
- ASTM D 3497-79 (2003) Standard Test Method for Dynamic Modulus of Asphalt Mixtures. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 4.03. American Society for Testing Materials, West Conshohocken, PA.
- NF EN 12697-26 (2005) “Partie 26: Module de rigidité”, Mélanges bitumineux, Méthodes d’essai pour mélange hydrocarboné à chaud. Comité Européen de Normalisation, Bruxelles.
- LCPC-SETRA (1994) Conception et dimensionnement des structures de chaussée. Guide Technique, Paris.
- Burmister, D.M., Palmer, L.A., Barber, E.S. and Middlebrooks, T.A. (1943) The Theory of Stress and Displacement in Layered Systems and Application of the Design of Airport Runways. Highway Research Board Proceedings, 23, 126-148.
- Ugé, P., Gest, G. and Gravois, A. (1977) Nouvelle méthode de calcul du module complexe des mélanges bitumineux. Bulletin de Liaison des Laboratoires des Ponts et Chaussées, N˚ Spécial V, 199-213.
- Witczak, M.W. and Pellinent, T.K. (2000) AC Mixture Response Comparison to Performance E* and Sm Prediction Equation Methodology Results. Superpave Support and Performance Models Management, Task C Simple Performance Test, NCHRP 9-19, Team Report SPT-ALF-2(L).
- Zeng, M., Bahia, H.U., Zhau, H., Anderson, M.R. and Turner, P. (2001) Rheological Modeling of Modified Asphalt Binders and Mixtures. Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, 70, 403-441.
- Koudougou, S.M. and Toguyeni, D.Y.K. (2020) Modeling of Pavement Behavior in Tropical Hot and Dry Conditions: Numerical Approach and Comparison on Road Section. Journal of Materials Science & Surface Engineering, 7, 919-927.