Mechanochemical Synthesis and Characterization of Molybdenum Dioxide-Hematite Nanostructures with Different Molarities
- 1 Department of Physics, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, USA
- 2 Department of Materials Science, National Institute of Materials Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
- 3 Department of Materials Science, National Institute of Materials Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
- 4 Department of Materials Science, National Institute of Materials Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
- 5 Department of Physics, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, USA
- 6 Department of Physics, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, USA
- 7 Department of Materials Science, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Warsaw, Poland
- 8 Department of Physics, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, USA
Abstract
xMoO 2 -(1-x) α -Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticle system with molarities x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 was successfully synthesized by mechanochemical activation of MoO 2 and α -Fe 2 O 3 mixtures for 0 - 12 hours of ball milling time. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), M ö ssbauer spectroscopy and magnetic measurements were used to study the phase evolution of the molybdenum dioxide-hematite nanoparticle system under the mechanochemical activation process. Rietveld refinement of the XRD patterns yielded the values of the crystallite size and lattice parameters as function of milling times and indicated the presence of Mo-substituted hematite and Fe-doped molybdenum dioxide at long milling times. The M ö ssbauer studies yielded the magnetic hyperfine fields and the relative abundance of a quadrupole-split doublet as function of the milling time for all molar concentrations involved. Recoilless fraction was determined using our dual absorber method and was found to decrease with increasing ball milling time. Magnetic measurements recorded at 5 and 300 K in an applied magnetic field of 50,000 Oe showed the magnetic properties in the antiferromagnetic and canted ferromagnetic states. The Morin transformation was evidenced by zero-field cooling-field cooling (ZFC-FC) measurements in a magnetic field of 200 Oe.
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