A New Physics Would Explain What Looks Like an Irreconcilable Tension between the Values of Hubble Constants and Allows <i>H₀</i> to Be Calculated Theoretically Several Ways

Abstract

Observing galaxies receding from each other, Hubble found the universe’s expansion in 1929. His law that gives the receding speed as a function of distance implies a factor called Hubble constant H 0 . We want to validate our theoretical value of H 0 ≈ 72.09548580(32) km &sdot; s - 1 &sdot; MParsec - 1 with a new cosmological model found in 2019. This model predicts what may look like two possible values of H 0 . According to this model, the correct equation of the apparent age of the universe gives ~ 14.14 billion years. In approximation, we get the well-known equation 1/ H 0 ≈ 13.56 billion years. When we force these ages to fit the 1/ H 0 formula, it gives two different Hubble constant values of ~69.2 and 72.1 km &sdot; s - 1 &sdot; sdot; MParsec - 1 . When we apply a theoretical correction factor of η ≈ 1.042516951 on the first value, both target the second one. We found 42 equations of H 0 linking different physics constants. Some are used to measure H 0 as a function of the average temperature T of the Cosmological Microwave Background and the universal gravitational constant G : H 0 ≈ 72.06(90) km &sdot; s - 1 &sdot; MParsec - 1 from T by Cobra probe & Equation (16) H 0 ≈ 71.95(50) km &sdot; s - 1 &sdot; MParsec - 1 from T by Partridge & Equation (16) H 0 ≈ 72.086(36) km &sdot; s - 1 &sdot; MParsec -1 from G & Equation (34) H 0 ≈ 72.105(36) km &sdot; s - 1 &sdot; MParsec - 1 from G & Equations (74), (75), or (76). With 508 published values, H 0 ≈ 72.0957 ± 0.33 km &sdot; s - 1 &sdot; MParsec - 1 seems to be the “ideal” statistical result. It validates our model and our theoretical H 0 value which are useful to find various interactions with the different constants. Our model also explains the ambiguity between the different universe’s age measurements and seems to unlock a tension between two H 0 values.