Spatial Attributes of Particles and Quantum Fields

Abstract

According to the characteristics of manifold and the double helix structure of spacetime, four coordinate systems are established as reference frames. The grand parity principle and the general exclusion principle are proposed. The minimum action distance of electromagnetic force is obtained and the structure of intrinsic space of particle is studied. The stability of particle reaction, the reason for only three generations of leptons and the spatial significance of the electroweak equivalence are discussed by using the two principles and the four coordinate systems. The behavior of boson including condensation is described in terms of spatial structure. Finally, we suggest that symmetry between the field excited by charge and the field excited by mass should be further investigated.