How Cloud-9 Observations Could Be Consistent with the Cold Hydogen Dark Matter (CHDM) Theory (a Brief Note)
- 1 Independent Researcher, Bowling Green, KY, USA
Abstract
It is suggested that the CHDM theory can be seamlessly integrated into the ΛCDM model and cosmological timeline, including a likely explanation of Cosmic Dawn and “Cloud-9” observations. Confirmatory evidence necessary for acceptance of the CHDM theory may lie in further study of the Cloud-9 dark matter halo or the halo of another RELHIC gas cloud, as described herein. For example, the discovery of an unusually strong 21-cm absorption line within a quasar spectrum in the background of a RELHIC would provide strong evidentiary support for CHDM. Counterarguments to the CHDM theory which focus on “missing” hydrogen baryonic matter appear to be refuted by comparing the Posti & Helmi 20 kpc radius Milky Way halo dark matter mass (635 billion solar masses) to a high-end estimate of the deep space cold neutral hydrogen mass (827 billion solar masses) within the same halo.
- Anand, G.S., Benítez-Llambay, A., Beaton, R., Fox, A.J., Navarro, J.F. and D’Onghia, E. (2025) The First RELHIC? Cloud-9 Is a Starless Gas Cloud. The Astrophysical Journal Letters , 993, L55. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae1584
- Benítez-Llambay, A., Navarro, J.F., Frenk, C.S., Sawala, T., Oman, K., Fattahi, A., et al . (2016) The Properties of “Dark” ΛCDM Haloes in the Local Group. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , 465, 3913-3926. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw2982
- Bowman, J.D., Rogers, A.E.E., Monsalve, R.A., Mozdzen, T.J. and Mahesh, N. (2018) An Absorption Profile Centred at 78 Megahertz in the Sky-Averaged Spectrum. Nature , 555, 67-70. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature25792
- Tatum, E.T. (2019) My C.G.S.I.S.A.H. Theory of Dark Matter. Journal of Modern Physics , 10, 881-887. https://doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2019.108058
- Tatum, E.T. (2020) Dark Matter as Cold Atomic Hydrogen in Its Lower Ground State. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91690
- Tatum, E.T. (2022) The Case for Cold Hydrogen Dark Matter. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97557
- Mammana, D.L. (2000) Interstellar Space. Popular Science, 220.
- Chaisson, E. and McMillan, S. (1993) Astronomy Today. Prentice Hall, 418.
- Pananides, N.A. and Arny, T. (1979) Introduction to Astronomy Second Edition. Wiley & Sons, 293.
- Roy, I., Xu, W., Qiu, J., Shu, C. and Fang, L. (2009) Wouthuysen-Field Coupling in the 21 cm Region around High-Redshift Sources. The Astrophysical Journal , 703, 1992-2003. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/703/2/1992
- Furlanetto, S.R. (2019) The Fundamentals of the 21-cm Line. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3442v22f
- Wikipedia Contributors (2024) Wouthuysen-Field Coupling. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wouthuysen%E2%80%93Field_coupling&oldid=1256993238
- McGaugh, S.S. (2018) Strong Hydrogen Absorption at Cosmic Dawn: The Signature of a Baryonic Universe. Research Notes of the AAS , 2, 37. https://doi.org/10.3847/2515-5172/aab497
- Shull, J.M., Smith, B.D. and Danforth, C.W. (2012) The Baryon Census in a Multiphase Intergalactic Medium: 30% of the Baryons May Still Be Missing. The Astrophysical Journal , 759, Article No. 23. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/759/1/23