We have carried out micro-canonical Monte Carlosimulations of a planar rotator model in 30 × 30 lattice using periodic boundary conditions. The energy distribution of the rotator in the lattice shows features that can be associated with spin wave and vortex excitations. The results supplement the first-order transition observed in canonicalMonte Carlosimulation, due to vortex nucleation. We also see features that can be associated with the in-homogeneity of vortex charge in the critical region.
KeywordsXY-ModelSpin WaveVortices
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