Dark Energy as a Vacuum Component of the Universe

Abstract

The vacuum component of the Universe is investigated in both the quantum and the classical regimes of its evolution. The associated vacuum energy density was reduced by more than 78 orders of magnitude in 10 -6 sec in the quantum regime and by nearly 45 orders of magnitude in 4 × 10 17 sec in the classical regime. The vacuum energy was spent for the organization of new microstates during the expansion of the Universe. In the quantum regime, phase transitions were more effective in reducing the vacuum energy than in producing new microstates. Both of these phenomena have been recorded in the history of the Universe. Herein, the need for the evolution of the Universe’s vacuum component is discussed. Indeed, through this evolution, all 123 crisis orders of dark energy are reduced by conventional physical processes. A table of the vacuum energy’s evolution as the function of red shift and a short discussion about vacuum stability are presented.