Characterizations of Drinking Water Quality for Populations of Hann Bel-Air (Dakar, Senegal)

Abstract

Populations of Hann Bel-Air municipality are supplied with drinking water from taps water of “Sénégalaise Des Eaux” (SDE) and Jambar pumps which capturie directly the groundwater. This municipality is characterized by a strong environmental pollution which can affect the quality of drinking water. To determine actual quality of that water, 10 samples were taken and analyzed. Physico-chemical results have shown that tap water is more suitable for domestic consumption than Jambar pump water. The results show that physical parameters such as electrical conductivity (maximum value of 2671 μS/cm) exceed World Health Organization standard. The pH of the water from Jambar pumps is between 6.04 and 6.09, which demonstrates the aggressive character of that water. For tap water, pH values of 7.03 to 7.09 demonstrate their alkalinity. For chemical analyses, bicarbonates and sulphates concentrations respectively meet World Health Organization standards. Tap water meets World Health Organization standard for nitrates. With respect to chloride, the threshold of 250 mg/L is exceeded at all levels, but we note that high chloride concentrations are part of the exemptions granted to SDE. Tap water and water from water table have concentrations of calcium, potassium, iron and magnesium irreproachable. For sodium, EP3, EP4 and P5 samples from the web exceed World Health Organization standard with a peak of 310.27 mg/L. Tap water is more drinkable than groundwater but its quality needs to be improved and especially controlled for the well-being and sustainable health of consumers.