This paper aims to analyze the research on the current situation of water-saving agriculture development in Europe. Water-saving agriculture in Europe started early, governments and farmers in various countries have a strong awareness of water-saving in agriculture and have achieved certain results. Due to the global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the lack of up-to-date field research, the complexity of various agricultural disciplines and categories, and the lack of information sharing, the current cognition of recent progress in the development of water-saving agriculture in Europe is not comprehensive enough. This paper selects four representative European countries: Spain, Germany, Italy, and Denmark as the research objects. Based on the existing research of Chinese and Western scholars, this paper analyzes and studies the current situation of water-saving agriculture in Europe. It has far-reaching significance for other countries in the world to have further development in water-saving agriculture and to protect water resources.
Tong, G.Q. (2011) “Green New Deal” for European Water Resources Management. Environmental Protection, 39, 69-70.
Lessina, S., Isidoro, D., Playan, E., Aragos, R. and Tong, G.Q. (2011) Study on the Impact of Spanish Irrigation Modernization on Water Quality and Quantity. Water Resources and Hydropower Express, 32, 7-13.
Tójar-Hurtado, J.C., Mena-Rodríguez, E. and Fernández-Jiménez, M.A. (2018) Spanish Agriculture and Water: Educational Implications of Water Culture and Consumption from the Farmers’ Perspective. Water, 9, Article No. 964.
Gomez, F.G. and Zhu, Q.Y. (2012) An Overview of Water Policy and Water Management in Spain. Water Resources and Hydropower Express, 33, 5-8.
Cai, H.Y., Cheng, S.Y. and Liu, H.G. (2017) Comparative Analysis of Country Experiences in Agricultural Water-Saving Irrigation. World Agriculture, 39, 4-10.
Lopez-Gunn, E., Zorrilla, P., Prieto, F. and Llamas, M.R. (2012) Lost in Translation? Water Efficiency in Spanish Agriculture. Agricultural Water Management, 108, 83-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2012.01.005
Júnior, R.G.C., Freitas, M.A.V., da Silva, N.F. and de Azevedo Filho, F.R. (2019) Sustainable Groundwater Exploitation Aiming at the Reduction of Water Vulnerability in the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region. Energies, 12, 1-20.
Mazorra, A.P. (2001) Agri-Environmental Policy in Spain. The Agenda of Socio-Political Developments at the National, Regional and Local Levels. Journal of Rural Studies, 17, 81-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(00)00028-0
Bao, S.S., Zhang, Y.F. and Li, S.B. (2019) Second Lieutenant Lu. Documentary Inspection of Facility Horticultural Industry in Almeria, Spain. Agricultural Engineering Technology, 39, 58-61.
Huang, Z. (2020) Enlightenment of German Agricultural and Rural Ecological Environment Management to Guangxi. Shanxi Agricultural Economics, 38, 84-86.
Ren, C.X., Shang, Y.R. and Xu, D.R. (2004) Research and Practice of Water-Saving Agriculture Abroad. Hebei Agricultural Science, 16, 70-74.
Hagedorn, K. (1997) Agriculture in Germany: Some Considerations on Economic, Political and Environmental Sustainability. Ambio, 26, 456-461.
Mohr, S. and Kühl, R. (2021) Acceptance of Artificial Intelligence in German Agriculture: An Application of the Technology Acceptance Model and the Theory of Planned Behavior. Precision Agriculture, 22, 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-021-09814-x
Wang, S.T. (2020) Enlightenment from Chinese Translation and Interpretation of Key Terms of German “Agriculture 4.0” to China’s Agricultural Development. Modern Agriculture, 42, 51-52.
Li, H.L. (2011) New Progress and Enlightenment of Current Foreign Water-Saving Agricultural Technology. Journal of Tianshui University of Administration, 12, 3-8.
Chen, Z.Q., Chen, S.X., You, F. and Yin, C.B. (2017) Protection and Sustainable Utilization of Agricultural Water and Soil Resources in Germany. Rural Work Newsletter, 62, 59-61.
Kostner, B., Wenkel, K.O., Berg, M., Bernhofer, C., Gomann, H. and Weigel, H.J. (2014) Integrating Regional Climatology, Ecology, and Agronomy for Impact Analysis and Climate Change Adaptation of German Agriculture: An Introduction to the Land-CaRe2020 Project. European Journal of Agronomy, 52, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2013.08.003
Zeng, Z. (2020) German Agro-Ecological Compensation Policy and Enlightenment under the Framework of EU Common Agricultural Policy. Journal of Liaoning University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), 48, 76-81.
Martina, B., Emanuele, M., Robert, M. and Fabian, C. (2018) A Ricardian Analysis of the Impact of Climate Change on Italian Agriculture. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 45, 57-79. https://doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbx023
Zhang, M.J. (2014) Analysis of Italian Agricultural Development and Its Main Measures. World Agriculture, No. 7, 162-165.
Ahmed, H. (2013) Farm Dimension and Efficiency in Italian Agriculture: A Quantitative Approach. American Journal of Rural Development, 1, 26-32.
Zhou, X.P., Xing, H.Y., Bai, G.L., Tang, M.H. and Diao, C.W. (2008) Automatic Seedling Raising and Water-Saving Irrigation Cultivation Technology of Italian Lettuce. Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin, No. 11, 129, 241.
Conrad, C., Usman, M., Morper-Busch, L. and Schonbrodt-Stitt, S. (2020) Remote Sensing-Based Assessments of Land Use, Soil and Vegetation Status, Crop Production and Water Use in Irrigation Systems of the Aral Sea Basin. A Review. Water Security, 11, Article ID: 100078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2020.100078
Woods, B.A., Nielsen, H.O., Pedersen, A.B. and Kristofersson, D. (2017) Farmers’ Perceptions of Climate Change and Their Likely Responses in Danish Agriculture. Land Use Policy, 65, 109-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.04.007
Jia, F.L., Zhao, Y.J., Feng, Y.R., Liu, G.C., Su, J.P., Li, F.J. and Tian, Y. (2020) The Experience and Enlightenment of Denmark’s Agricultural Green and Sustainable Development to China. Agricultural Science and Technology Management, 39, 13-16.
Cui, N.B. and Ba, X.Z. (2020) The Regulation of Pesticides and Fertilizers in Denmark and Its Enlightenment to China. World Agriculture, No. 11, 73-80, 90.
Kyllingsbaek, A. and Hansen, J.F. (2007) Development in Nutrient Balances in Danish Agriculture 1980-2004. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 79, 267-280. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-007-9114-6
Guo, H.P., Xu, B.C., Liu, C.X. and Shu, K.L. (2015) The Comprehensive Prevention and Control Policy and Enlightenment of Water Pollution in Danish Agricultural Production. Environmental Protection, 43, 68-71.
Wu, R., Wang, H.M., Liu, G., Huang, J. and Mu, E.Y. (2020) Denmark: An Environmentally Friendly Country that Turns Every Drop of Water into a Resource. South-to-North Water Transfer and Water Conservancy Technology, 44, 25-27.
Guo, X., Chen, X.Y., Yang, Y.C. and Ge, T.Q. (2020) Experience and Enlightenment of Water Environment Management in Denmark. World Environment, 38, 78-81.
Tong, G.Q. (2009) European Water Demand Management Strategy. China Water Resources News.