Evaluation of a Copper Based and Peroxide Based Algaecide for Treatment for Controlling Harmful Algal Blooms in a Recreational Lake — Oak Academic Publishing
Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
Evaluation of a Copper Based and Peroxide Based Algaecide for Treatment for Controlling Harmful Algal Blooms in a Recreational Lake
Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
,
Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
1 Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
2 Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
The frequency and intensity of harmful algal blooms is increasing posing a significant risk to surface water used for drinking water and recreation. All algaecide treatments were effective at reducing cyanobacteria within two days of application (p < 0.05). Overall, the most significant reductions in cyanobacteria content occurred with full dose of CutrineUltra and remained at less than 600 cells/mL by day 14. Quarter doses of both algaecides exhibited a rebound in cyanobacteria levels between day 7 and 14, indicating that additional treatments would be needed. Extracellular microcystin concentrations were higher on day 2 for PAK-27 treatments, by day 7 for CutrineUltra and full dose PAK-27 + 5 mg natural organic matter.
Foulon, É., Rousseau, A.N., Benoy, G. and North, R.L. (2019) A Global Scan of How the Issue of Nutrient Loading and Harmful Algal Blooms Is Being Addressed by Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, and Volunteers. Water Quality Res earch Journal , 55, 1-23. https://doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2019.013
Rashidi, H., Baulch, H., Gill, A., Bharadwaj, L. and Bradford, L. (2021) Monitoring, Managing, and Communicating Risk of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in Recreational Resources across Canada. Environmental Health Insights , 15. https://doi.org/10.1177/11786302211014401
Schaefer, A.M., Yrastorza, L., Stockley, N., Harvey, K., Harris, N., Grady, R., et al. (2020) Exposure to Microcystin among Coastal Residents during a Cyanobacteria Bloom in Florida. Harmful Algae , 92, Article ID: 101769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2020.101769
Brooks, B.W., Lazorchak, J.M., Howard, M.D.A., Johnson, M.V., Morton, S.L., Perkins, D.A.K., Reavie, E.D., Scott, G.L., Smith, S.A. and Steevens, J.A. (2017) In Some Places, in Some Case and at Some Times, Harmful Algal Blooms Are the Greatest Threat to Inland Water Quality. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , 36, 1125-1127. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3801
Yan, T., Li, X., Tan, Z., Yu, R. and Zou, J. (2022) Toxic Effects, Mechanisms, and Ecological Impacts of Harmful Algal Blooms in China. Harmful Algae , 111, Article ID: 102148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2021.102148
Melaram, R., Newton, A.R. and Chafin, J. (2022) Microcystin Contamination and Toxicity: Implications for Agriculture and Public Health. Toxins , 14, Article 350. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14050350
Graciaa, D.S., Cope, J.R., Roberts, V.A., Cikesh, B.L., Kahler, A.M., Vigar, M., et al. (2018) Outbreaks Associated with Untreated Recreational Water—United States, 2000-2014. American Journal of Transplantation , 18, 2083-2087. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15002
Nielsen, M.C. and Jiang, S.C. (2020) Can Cyanotoxins Penetrate Human Skin during Water Recreation to Cause Negative Health Effects? Harmful Algae , 98, Article ID: 101872. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2020.101872
Funari, E., Manganelli, M., Buratti, F.M. and Testai, E. (2017) Cyanobacteria Blooms in Water: Italian Guidelines to Assess and Manage the Risk Associated to Bathing and Recreational Activities. Science of the Total Environment , 598, 867-880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.232
Mehdizadeh Allaf, M., Erratt, K.J. and Peerhossaini, H. (2023) Comparative Assessment of Algaecide Performance on Freshwater Phytoplankton: Understanding Differential Sensitivities to Frame Cyanobacteria Management. Water Research , 234, Article ID: 119811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2023.119811
Liu, H., Chen, S., Zhang, H., Wang, N., Ma, B., Liu, X., et al. (2023) Effects of Copper Sulfate Algaecide on the Cell Growth, Physiological Characteristics, the Metabolic Activity of Microcystis aeruginosa and Raw Water Application. Journal of Hazardous Materials , 445, Article ID: 130604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130604
Liu, R., Zhao, D. and Barnett, M.O. (2006) Fate and Transport of Copper Applied in Channel Catfish Ponds. Water , Air , and Soil Pollution , 176, 139-162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-006-9155-5
Calomeni, A., Rodgers, J.H. and Kinley, C.M. (2014) Responses of P lanktothrix agardhii and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata to Copper Sulfate (CuSo4∙5H2O) and a Chelated Copper Compound (Cutrine®-Ultra). Water , Air , & Soil Pollution , 225, Article No. 2231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-014-2231-3
Gu, P., Wang, Y., Wu, H., Chen, L., Zhang, Z., Yang, K., et al. (2023) Efficient Control of Cyanobacterial Blooms with Calcium Peroxide: Threshold and Mechanism. Science of the Total Environment , 882, Article ID: 163591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163591
Luo, C., Chen, C., Xian, X., Cai, W., Yu, X. and Ye, C. (2024) The Secondary Outbreak Risk and Mechanisms of Microcystis aeruginosa after H 2 O 2 Treatment. Journal of Hazardous Materials , 470, Article ID: 134196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134196
Matthijs, H.C.P., Jančula, D., Visser, P.M. and Maršálek, B. (2016) Existing and Emerging Cyanocidal Compounds: New Perspectives for Cyanobacterial Bloom Mitigation. Aquatic Ecology , 50, 443-460. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-016-9577-0
Graham, J.L., Cebada Mora, G.M., Gorney, R.M., Ball, L.C., Mengelt, C. and Runge, M.C. (2022) A Structured Decision-Making Framework for Managing Cyano-Bacterial Harmful Algal Blooms in New York State Parks. U.S. Geological Survey of Scientific Investigations Report 2022-5053. https://doi.org/10.3122/sir20225053
Birk, S., Miller, J.D., MacMullin, A., Patterson, R.T. and Villeneuve, P.J. (2022) Perceptions of Freshwater Algal Blooms, Causes and Health among New Brunswick Lakefront Property Owners. Environmental Management , 71, 249-259. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-022-01736-2
Goodrich, S. and Tong, S.T.Y. (2024) Recreator Perspectives on Harmful Algal Blooms in Ohio. Environmental Sociology , 11, 123-134. https://doi.org/10.1080/23251042.2024.2406593
Crafton, E.A., Cutright, T.J., Bishop, W.M. and Ott, D.W. (2019) Modulating the Effect of Iron and Total Organic Carbon on the Efficiency of a Hydrogen Peroxide-Based Algaecide for Suppressing Cyanobacteria. Water , Air , & Soil Pollution , 230, Article No. 56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-019-4112-2
Crafton, E., Glowczewski, J., Cutright, T. and Ott, D. (2021) Bench-Scale Assessment of Three Copper-Based Algaecide Products for Cyanobacteria Management in Source Water. SN Applied Sciences , 3, Article No. 391. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04419-5
Gao, A.X.J. (2017) Evaluating the Effectiveness of Three Different Algaecides for Use in Willard and Norwalk Reservoirs. Ph.D. Thesis, The University of Akron.
Rouco, M., López-Rodas, V., González, R., Emma Huertas, I., García-Sánchez, M.J., Flores-Moya, A., et al. (2014) The Limit of the Genetic Adaptation to Copper in Freshwater Phytoplankton. Oecologia , 175, 1179-1188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-2963-1
Chen, Y., Zaman, F., Jia, Y., Huang, Y., Li, T., Bai, F., et al. (2024) Harmful Cyanobacterial Bloom Control with Hydrogen Peroxide: Mechanism, Affecting Factors, Development, and Prospects. Current Pollution Reports , 10, 566-579. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40726-024-00328-4
Buley, R.P., Adams, C., Belfiore, A.P., Fernandez-Figueroa, E.G., Gladfelter, M.F., Garner, B., et al. (2021) Field Evaluation of Seven Products to Control Cyanobacterial Blooms in Aquaculture. Environmental Science and Pollution Research , 28, 29971-29983. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12708-0
Sinha, A.K., Eggleton, M.A. and Lochmann, R.T. (2018) An Environmentally Friendly Approach for Mitigating Cyanobacterial Bloom and Their Toxins in Hypereutrophic Ponds: Potentiality of a Newly Developed Granular Hydrogen Peroxide-Based Compound. Science of the Total Environment , 637, 524-537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.023
Machado, M.D. and Soares, E.V. (2024) Integration of Copper Toxicity Mechanisms in Raphidocelis subcapitata : Advancing Insights at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations. Toxics , 12, Article 905. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12120905
Paskuliakova, A., McGowan, T., Tonry, S. and Touzet, N. (2018) Phycoremediation of Landfill Leachate with the Chlorophyte Chlamydomonas sp. SW15aRL and Evaluation of Toxicity Pre and Post Treatment. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety , 147, 622-630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.09.010
Lefler, F.W., Barbosa, M., Berthold, D.E., Roten, R., Bishop, W.M. and Laughinghouse, H.D. (2024) Microbial Community Response to Granular Peroxide-Based Algaecide Treatment of a Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Bloom in Lake Okeechobee, Florida (USA). Toxins , 16, Article 206. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16050206
Shi, C., Fang, W., Ma, M., Xu, W. and Ye, J. (2023) Changes in Extracellular Microcystins (MCs) Accompanying Algae/Cyanobacteria Removal during Three Representative Algae/Cyanobacteria Inactivation Processes and an MC Diffusion Model in Still Water. Water , 15, Article 3591. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15203591
Tsai, K., Kirschman, Z.A., Moldaenke, C., Chaffin, J.D., McClure, A., Seo, Y., et al. (2024) Field and Laboratory Studies of Fluorescence-Based Technologies for Real-Time Tracking of Cyanobacterial Cell Lysis and Potential Microcystins Release. Science of the Total Environment , 920, Article ID: 171121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171121
Huang, J., Ghaly, M., Hobson, P. and Chow, C.W.K. (2021) Innovative Method of Utilising Hydrogen Peroxide for Source Water Management of Cyanobacteria. Environmental Science and Pollution Research , 29, 22651-22660. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17511-5
Zhang, S., Wang, W., Zhang, K., Xu, P. and Lu, Y. (2018) Phosphorus Release from Cyanobacterial Blooms during Their Decline Period in Eutrophic Dianchi Lake, China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research , 25, 13579-13588. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1517-1
Contreras-Ropero, J.E., García-Martínez, J.B. and Barajas-Solano, A.F. (2025) Integration of Mathematical and Experimental Modeling for Sustainable Phycobiliprotein Production via Fed-Batch Cultures. South African Journal of Chemical Engineering , 51, 35-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajce.2024.10.009