Bioadsorption of Cd (II) from Contaminated Water on Treated Sawdust: Adsorption Mechanism and Optimization
- 1 Faculty of Science and Arts at Shaqra, Shaqra University, Shaqra, KSA
- 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sebha University, Sebha, Libya
- 3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sebha University, Sebha, Libya
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sebha University, Sebha, Libya
- 5 Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Engineering in Benha, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
Abstract
Sawdust (SD) a very low cost material has been utilized as adsorbent material for the removal of Cd (II) from aqueous solutions after treatment with mono methylol urea (MMU) in the presence of zinc chloride as a catalyst to form MMU-SD. The reaction of MMU-SD was carried out under different conditions including MMU/SD molar ratio, catalyst concentration, and reaction time and temperature. Adsorption studies have been carried out to determine the effect of agitation time, pH, adsorbent and adsorbate concentrations on the adsorption capacity of Cd (II) ions onto MMU-SD. Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich - Peterson isotherm models were applied in the adsorption studies. The experimental data were analyzed using various sorption kinetic models. The removal processes of Cd (II) onto MMU-SD particles could be well described by the pseudo-second order model. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cd(II) onto MMU-SD was 909 mg/g. Similarly, the Freundlich constant 1/n value was 0.45.
- Z. R. Holan, B. Volesky and I. Prasetyo, “Bio-Sorption of Cadmium by Biomass of Marine Algae,” Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 41, No. 8, 1993, pp. 819-825. doi:10.1002/bit.260410808
- K. H. Chong and B.Volesky, “Description of Two Metal Biosorption Equilibria by Langmuir-Type Models,” Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 47, No. 4, 1995, pp. 451-460. doi:10.1002/bit.260470406
- Y. C. Sharma, “Economic Treatment of Cd (II)-Rich Hazardous Waste by Indigenous Material,” Journal of Applied Interface Science, Vol. 173, No. 1, 1995, pp. 66-70. doi:10.1006/jcis.1995.1297
- B. Volesky and I. Prasetyo, “Cadmium Removal in Bio-sorption Column,” Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 43, No. 11, 1994, pp. 1010-1015. doi:10.1002/bit.260431103
- J. Barcicki, L. Pawlowski, A. Cichcki and L. Zagulski, “Physicochemical Methods for Water and Wastewater Treatment,” Pergamon, London, 1980, pp. 237-400.
- M. M. Nassar and M. S. El-Geundi, “Comparative Cost of Color Removal from Textile Effluents Using Natural Adsorbents,” Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Vol. 50, No. 2, 1991, pp. 257-264. doi:10.1002/jctb.280500210
- A. Hashem, A. Abou-Okeil, A. El-Shafie and M. El-Sakhawy, “Grafting of High ?-Cellulose Pulp Extracted from Sunflower Stalks for Removal of Hg (II) from Aqueous Solution,” Polymer Plastics Technology and Engineering, Vol. 45, 2006, pp. 135-141.
- A. Hashem, A. Abdel-Lateff, S. Farag and D. M. Hussein, “Treatment of Alhagi Residues with Tartaric Acid for the Removal of Zn (II) Ions from Aqueous Solution,” Adsorption Science & Technology, Vol. 26, No. 9, 2008, pp. 661-678. doi:10.1260/026361708788251376
- A. Hashem, A. M. Azzeer and A. Ayoub, “Removal of Hg (II) Ions from Laboratory ?Wastewater onto Phosphorylated Haloxylon Ammodendron: Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies,” Polymer Plastics Technology and Engineering, Vol. 49, No. 14, 2010, pp. 1395-1404. doi:10.1080/03602559.2010.496423
- A. Hashem, H. A. Hussein, M. A. Sanousy, E. Adam and E. E. Saad, “Modified Monomethylolated Thiourea: Sawdust as a New Adsorbent for Removal of Hg (II) from Contaminated Water: Equilibrium Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies,” Polymer Plastics Technology and Engineering, Vol. 50, No. 12, 2011, pp. 1220-1230. doi:10.1080/03602559.2011.566301
- A. A. Khalil, H. H. Sokker, A. Al-Anwar, A. Abd El-Zaher and A. Hashem, “Preparation, Characterization and Utilization of Amidoximated Poly (AN/MAA)-Grafted Alhagi Residues for the Removal of Zn (II) from Aqueous Solution,” Adsorption Science and Technology, Vol. 27, No. 4, 2009, pp. 363-383. doi:10.1260/026361709790252669