Microbiological Quality Assessment of Drinking Water in Lalo Commune, Benin (West Africa)

Abstract

Although drinking water is readily available in Benin, its quality presents a public health concern. The district of Ahomadégbé in the commune of Lalo is characterized by several artesian wells. Unfortunately, anthropogenic factors negatively affect the drinking water quality in this area. The aim of this research was to study the microbiological quality of drinking water in the Ahomadégbé district, and to review household water treatment methods employed by the local population. Thirty-five water samples were taken — at water collection points, at selected points along the water transportation system and from water storage facilities, and microbiological parameters were measured. Qualitative data were collected via in-depth interviews with key informants regarding local household water treatment methods. Results reveal that there is a significant degree of microbiological pollution of drinking water in this district, particularly during the water transportation and storage stages where microbiological pollution exceeds levels approved by the World Health Organization. Local residents are familiar with several household water treatment methods. However, these methods are inconsistently applied, which limits their effectiveness. In addition to improving the quality of the drinking water resource itself, it is important to set up interventions relating to water treatment methods in local households.