With increase in the demand of petroleum products the prices of petrol & diesel are increasing world wide. This trend is expected in years to come as the resources are also depleting. Hence alternative sources of energy for running our generators, automobiles etc. are being considered world wide. The possibility of obtaining oil from plant resources has aroused a great interest and in several countries, vegetable oil after esterification being used as ‘Biodiesel’. The biodiesel can be used as 20% blend with petrodiesel in existing engines without any modification. Both the edible and non edible vegetable oils can be used as the raw materials for the biodiesel. Considering the cost and demand of the edible oils the non edible oils may be preferred for the preparation of biodiesel in India.
C. S. Jr. Wassell and T. P. Dittmer, “Are Subsidies for Bio-diesel Economically Efficient?” Energy Policy, Vol. 34, No. 18, 2006, pp. 3993-4001.
N. L. Panwar, Y. H. Shrirame, N. S. Rathore, S. Jindal and A. K. Kurchania, “Performance Evalua-tion of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Methyl Ester of Castor Seed Oil,” Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol 30, No. 2-3, pp. 245-249, 2010. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.07.007
J. Janaun and N. Ellis. “Perspectives On Biodiesel As A Sustainable Fuel”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 14, No. 4, 2010, pp. 1312-1320. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2009.12.011
M. Lapuerta, O. Armas and J. R. Fernandez. “Effect of Biodiesel Fuels on Diesel En-gine Emissions,” Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 34, No. 2, 2008, pp. 198-223. doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2007.07.001
M. M. Gui, K. T. Lee and S. Bhatia, “Feasibility of Edible Oil VS. Non-Edible Oil VS. Waste Edible Oil as Biodiesel Feedstock,” Energy, Vol. 33, No. 11, 2008, pp. 1646-1653. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2008.06.002
A. Jaecker-Voirol, I. Durand, G. Hillion, B. Delfort and X. Montagne “Glycerin for New Biodiesel Formulation”, Oil Gas Science Technology, Vol. 63, No. 4, 2008, pp. 395-404. doi:10.2516/ogst:2008033
N. L. Panwar, H. Y. Shrirame and B. R. Bamniya. “CO2 Mitigation Potential from Biodiesel of Castor Seed Oil in Indian Context,” Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, Vol. 12, No. 5, 2010, pp. 579- 582. doi:10.1007/s10098-009-0269-5
Website of Atomic En-ergy Commission, India.
N. S. Rathore, N. L. Panwar and A. K. Kurchania, “Jatropha Cutlivation and Processing Prac-tices,” Himanshu Publication, Udaipur.
http://www.globalinsight.com/Energy. (Retrieved 10 March 2008).
D. Rajagopal, “Rethinking Current Strategies for Biofuel Production in India,” Energy and Re-sources Group, University of California, Berkeley, 2007.
www.castoroil.in (Retrieved 10 March 2008).
www.worldenergy.org (Retrieved 16 January 2008).
http://www.Answers.com (Retrieved 16 January 2008).
Biodiesel WWW Encyclopedia - Plant Oils Used as Die- sel, Bio-fuels, Biodiesel_ Biofuel, Bio-diesel.htm
M. S. P. Meneghetti et al., “Biodiesel from Castor Oil: A Comparison of Ethanolysis versus Methanolysis,” Energy & Fuels, Vol. 20, No. 5, 2006, pp. 2262-2265. doi:10.1021/ef060118m
S. Puhan et al., “Performance and Emission of Mahua Oil (Madhuca Indica Oil) Ethyl Ester in a 4-Stroke Natural Aspirated Direct Injection Diesel En-gine,” Renewable Energy, Vol. 30, No. 7, 2005, pp. 1269-1278. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2004.09.010
C. S. Jr. Wassell and T. P. Dittmer, “Are Subsidies for Biodiesel Economically Efficient?” Energy Policy, Vol. 34, No. 18, 2006, pp. 3993-4001.
N. L. Panwar, Y. H. Shrirame, N. S. Rathore, S. Jindal and A. K. Kurcha-nia, “Performance Evaluation of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Methyl Ester of Castor Seed Oil,” Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 2-3, pp. 245-249, 2010. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.07.007
J. Janaun and N. Ellis. “Perspectives On Biodiesel as a Sustainable Fuel,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 14, No. 4, 2010, pp. 1312-1320. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2009.12.011
M. Lapuerta, O. Armas and J. R. Fernandez. “Effect of Biodiesel Fuels on Diesel Engine Emissions,” Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 34, No. 2, 2008, pp. 198-223. doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2007.07.001
M. M. Gui, K. T. Lee and S. Bhatia, “Feasibility of Edible Oil VS. Non-Edible Oil VS. Waste Edible Oil as Biodiesel Feed-stock,” Energy, Vol. 33, No. 11, 2008, pp. 1646-1653. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2008.06.002
A. Jaecker-Voirol, I. Durand, G. Hillion, B. Delfort and X. Montagne “Glycerin for New Biodiesel Formulation,” Oil Gas Sci-ence Technology, Vol. 63, No. 4, 2008, pp. 395-404. doi:10.2516/ogst:2008033
N. L. Panwar, H. Y. Shrirame and B. R. Bamniya. “CO2 Mitigation Potential from Biodiesel of Castor Seed Oil in Indian Context,” Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, Vol. 12, No. 5, 2010, pp. 579- 582. doi:10.1007/s10098-009-0269-5
Website of Atomic Energy Commission, India.
N. S. Rathore, N. L. Panwar and A. K. Kurchania, “Jatropha Cutlivation and Processing Practices,” Himanshu Publication, Udaipur.
http://www.globalinsight.com/Energy (Re-trieved 10 March 2008).
D. Rajagopal, “Rethinking Current Strategies for Biofuel Production in India,” En-ergy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, 2007.
www.castoroil.in (Retrieved 10 March 2008).
www.worldenergy.org (Retrieved 16 January 2008).
http://www.Answers.com (Retrieved 16 January 2008).
Biodiesel WWW Encyclopedia - Plant Oils Used as Die- sel, Bio-fuels, Biodiesel_ Biofuel, Bio-diesel.htm
M. S. P. Meneghetti et al., “Bio-diesel from Castor Oil: A Comparison of Ethanolysis versus Methanolysis,” Energy & Fuels, Vol. 20, No. 5, 2006, pp. 2262-2265. doi:10.1021/ef060118m
S. Puhan et al., “Per-formance and Emission of Mahua Oil (Madhuca Indica Oil) Ethyl Ester in a 4-Stroke Natural Aspirated Direct Injection Diesel Engine,” Renewable Energy, Vol. 30, No. 7, 2005, pp. 1269-1278. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2004.09.010