Economic Development of an Area Burdened by the Surface Mining of Brown Coal, with Regard to the Principle of Sustainable Development

Abstract

The article deals with an analysis of the economic development of an area which has been burdened with the surface mining of brown coal over a long period. It is an area in the northern part of the Czech Republic (Most Basin). The contribution mainly deals with the economic perspective, which is closely linked to the region’s social and environmental conditions. For the purposes of compiling the contribution, it was necessary to utilize materials relating to sustainable development and prepared statistical analyses together with the authors’ practical experiences. The model area has an unemployment rate which is among the highest in the Czech Republic (8.2%); however, it is the lowest in the last 2 years. The demographic situation contends with an ageing population and the migration of productive inhabitants inland in the direction of the capital. At the same time, there is a large proportion of socially disadvantaged people here. However, the geographic location enables cross-border cooperation with neighboring Germany and, thanks partly to updated infrastructure, a better connection is possible. GDP is currently at the level of CZK 275,214 (EUR 10,089). It has increased compared to previous years. The region’s potential lies mainly in new recreational areas, which will be created within the scope of reclamation after mining, and which will strengthen tourism and the service sector. After mining ends, around 2055, the transition to a renewable energy source will mean a further investment. Despite the negative image of the area of interest, particularly in terms of pollution as a result of mining, it is a region with the potential for sustainable economic development.