Comparative Response of CRL-11372 Cells to Surface Roughness and Crystalline Structure of the Surfaces Developed by Sandblasting, Etching, and TiO₂ Coating on Commercially Pure Ti Discs

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the adhesion of human fetal osteoblast cells (CRL-11372) in vitro at 24 h on commercially pure titanium (cp Ti) metal surfaces’ crystalline structure and surface roughnesses that are modified by polishing, sand blasting (with alumina (Al 2 O 3 )), sand blasting and coating (with titanium oxide (TiO 2 )), and sand blasting and etching (with oxalic acid). Modified surfaces were characterized quantitatively by a non-contacting optical profilometer in terms of their R z and R a values and surface profile diagrams were obtained. These surfaces were characterized qualitatively by scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs. The crystalline structures of the coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). CRL-11372 cells were cultured for 24 h and evaluated for their mean total cell counts. Cell morphologies were examined by SEM micrographs. Data were compared by Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Post Hoc LSD test comparisons. SEM micrographs showed variations among the topographies of the surfaces and the morphologies of the cells adhered to these four different surfaces. Cell adhesion was affected by neither Ti chemical composition nor surface roughness within the R a and R z parameters used.