The Effect of Nano-Alumina Particles Generated <i>in Situ</i> in the Matrix of Ultralow and No Cement 85 wt% Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Refractory Castables
- 1 Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos via Washington Luis, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- 2 Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos via Washington Luis, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
Abstract
Advanced high alumina refractory castables of ultra-low and to cement types, are well-known because of their ability on developing similar and/or superior thermal and mechanical properties. Following the recent trend of including nanoparticles in refractory castables, in this work, it is presented a novel way to obtain the benefit effects on the thermal and mechanical properties, promoted by the development in situ, of alumina’s nanoparticles in the matrix of castable (85 wt% Al 2 O 3 ). The alumina nanoparticles were originated in situ after firing, due to the pyrolysis and oxidation of an aqueous resin, produced by the Pechini process. The resin played a double role, one as mixing liquid vehicle and the other as the aluminum oxide nanoparticles precursor. The results indicate a strong increase in flexural strength and elastic modulus as well as leading to a higher residual strength after thermal shock.
- Tomsu, F. and Palco, S. (2011) From Conventional Refractory Castables to Actual High-Quality Hydraulic Bonded Products—Development during the Last Forty Years. International Ceramic Review, 3, 202-207.
- Bier, T.A., Bunt, E.N. and Parr, C. (1996) Calcium Aluminate Bonded Castables: Their Advantages and Applications. The Latin-American Association of Refractory Manufacturers Meeting, ALAFAR, Buenos Aires, 75-84.
- Funk, J.E. and Dinger, D.R. (1994) Particle Packing, Part VI—Applications of Particle Size Distribution Concepts. International Ceramic Review, 43, 50-354.
- Badiiee, H.S. and Ostoj, S. (2011) The Effect of NanoTitania Addition on the Properties of High Alumina Low Cement Refractory Castables. Ceramics Silikaty, 55, 319-325.
- Mukhopadhyaya, S. and Daspoddar, P.K. (2006) Role of Nanocrystalline Spinel Additive on the Properties of Low Cement Castable Refractories. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 21, 669-675. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426910600650415
- Pechini, M.P. (1967) Method of Preparing Lead and Alkaline Earth Titanates and Niobates and Coating Method Using the Same to form a Capacitor. US Patent No. 3330697.
- Gault, C. (1989) Ultrasonic Non Destructive Evaluation of Microstructural Changes and Degradation of Ceramics at High Temperature. In: Holbrook, J. and Bussiere, J., Eds., Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 142, Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, PA, 263-274. https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-142-263
- Langford, J.I. and Wilson, A.J.C. (1978) Scherrer after Sixty Years: A Survey and Some New Results in the Determination of Crystallite Size. Journal of Applied Crystallography, 11, 102-113. https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889878012844
- Werner, J., Aneziris, C.G. and Dudczig, S. (2013) Youngs Modulus of Elasticity of Carbon Bonded Alumina Materials Up to 1450˚C. Journal of American Ceramic Society, 96, 2958-2965. https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.12526
- Cho, T.-Y., Kim, Y.-W. and Kim, K.J. (2016) Thermal, Electrical, and Mechanical Properties of Pressureless Sintered Silicon Carbide Ceramics with Yttria-Scandia-Aluminum Nitride. Journal of European Ceramic Society, 36, 2659-2665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.04.014
- Brochen, E. (2011) Measuring and Modeling of Thermal Shock Resistance of Refractory Materials. Ph.D. Thesis, TU Bergakademie, Freiberg.
- Pereira, A.H.A., Nascimento, A.R.C. and Rodrigues, J.D.A. (2010) Effect of Non-Linearity on Young’s Modulus and Damping Characterisation of High Alumina Refractory Castables Through the Impuls Excitation Technique. 53rd International Colloquium on Refractories Aachen, European Centre for Refractories, Germany, 90-93.