Case Report: Post Lumbar Discectomy Acute Iliac Arteriovenous Fistula; Endovascular Management and Literature Review

Abstract

Posterior approach lumbar disc surgeries (LDS) can be associated with serious iatrogenic vascular complications which could be a serious life threatening condition. We report a rare case of right sided acute iliac vessels iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula (IAVF) which was diagnosed and managed in 24 hours duration in a 45 years old healthy female who underwent surgical posterior approach L4-5 discectomy. Intraoperative, she developed sudden hypotension, tachycardia, wide pulse pressure and acute drop of hemoglobin level without obvious operative site bleeding which raise the index of suspicion of vascular injury and urge the team for doing emergency CT angiography (CTA), vascular and endovascular team consultation for digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and endovascular management. Endovascular stenting is nowadays the modality of choice of intervention. We provide case report with literature review.