Prognostic Factors for Mortality by Ischemic Stroke at the Treichville University Hospital in Abidjan

Abstract

Objectives: This paper aims to determine the predictive factors of mortality from ischemic stroke in the internal medicine and neurology departments of the Treichville University Hospital. Materials and Methods : This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study over one year concerning patients hospitalized for an ischemic stroke and therefore the evolution at the end of hospitalization was known. The data were collected on a survey form and the EPI-INFO 7 software was used for statistical analysis. The variables were first compared with the Chi-Square or Fischer tests and then the logistic regression test. Results: A total of 120 patients were recruited. Their age mean was 60 years with a male predominance (55.87%). The mean admission time was eight days. Cardiovascular risk factors were dominated by high blood pressure (72%), history of stroke (63%), and diabetes (36%). Impaired consciousness was the most common clinical sign. The fatality rate of stroke was 24.11%. Factors associated with death were history of stroke (0.023), Glasgow score less than 13 (P = 0.023), length of stay greater than 20 days (P = 0.01), and aspiration pneumonia (0.004). After logistic regression, only history of stroke (OR = 7.77) and prolonged stay (OR = 14.43) were independently associated with mortality from stroke. Conclusion: The analysis of predictive factors of mortality allows a better understanding of the management of this condition on a national scale. The burden of stroke remains heavy for our states. Management in intensive care units as well as prevention of stroke recurrence are decisive for improving the prognosis.