RETRACTED: Anorexia Nervosa Versus Hyperinsulinism: The Two Opposite Faces of the Coin——Therapeutic Effects of Neuropharmacological Manipulations — Oak Academic Publishing
Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
RETRACTED: Anorexia Nervosa Versus Hyperinsulinism: The Two Opposite Faces of the Coin——Therapeutic Effects of Neuropharmacological Manipulations
Department of Pathophysiology, Sections of Neuroendocrinology and Neurochemistry, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Caracas, Venezuela
,
Department of Pathophysiology, Sections of Neuroendocrinology and Neurochemistry, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Caracas, Venezuela
,
Department of Pathophysiology, Sections of Neuroendocrinology and Neurochemistry, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Caracas, Venezuela
,
Department of Pathophysiology, Sections of Neuroendocrinology and Neurochemistry, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Caracas, Venezuela
,
Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A & M Health Science Centre, College of Medicine, Texas, U.S.A
1 Department of Pathophysiology, Sections of Neuroendocrinology and Neurochemistry, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Caracas, Venezuela
2 Department of Pathophysiology, Sections of Neuroendocrinology and Neurochemistry, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Caracas, Venezuela
3 Department of Pathophysiology, Sections of Neuroendocrinology and Neurochemistry, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Caracas, Venezuela
4 Department of Pathophysiology, Sections of Neuroendocrinology and Neurochemistry, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Caracas, Venezuela
5 Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A & M Health Science Centre, College of Medicine, Texas, U.S.A
Short Retraction Notice The paper does not meet the standards of "Food and Nutrition Sciences". This article has been retracted to straighten the academic record. In making this decision the Editorial Board follows COPE's Retraction Guidelines . The a im is to promote the circulation of scientific research by offering an ideal research publication platform with due consideration of internationally accepted standards on publication ethics. The Editorial Board would like to extend its sincere apologies for any inconvenience this retraction may have caused. Editor guiding this retraction: Prof. Thomas Müller (EiC of NM ) The full retraction notice in PDF is preceding the original paper, which is marked "RETRACTED".
F. Lechin, B. van der Dijs, A. E. Lechin, M. E. Lechin, E. Coll-Garcia, H. Jara, et al., “Doxepin Therapy for Post-prandial Symptomatic Hypoglycemic Patients Neurochemical, Hormonal and Metabolic Disturbances,” Clinical Science, Vol. 80, No. 4, 1991, pp. 373-384. doi:10.2147/DMSOTT.S7606
F. Lechin, B. van der Dijs, B. Pardey Maldonado, J. E. Rivera, M. E. Lechin and S. Baez, “Amantadine Reduces Glucagon and Enhances Insulin Secretion Throughout the Oral Glucose Tolerance: Central Plus Peripheral Nervous System Mechanisms,” Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, Vol. 2, 2009, pp. 203-213.
I. J. Elenkov, R. L. Wilder, G. P. Chrousos and E. Z. Vizi, “The Sympathetic Nerve-an Integrative Interface between two Supersystems: The Brain and the Immune System,” Pharmacological Reviews, Vol. 52, No. 4, 2000, pp. 595-638.
D. N. Maiorov, E. R. Wilton, E. Badoer, D. Petrie, G. A. Head and S. C. Malpas, “Sympathetic Response to Stimulation of the Pontine A5 Region in Conscious Rabbits,” Brain Research, Vol. 815, No. 2, 1999, pp. 227-236. doi:10.1016/S0006-8993(98)01150-0
C. E. Byrum and P. G. Guyenet, “Afferent and Efferent Connections of the A5 Noradrenergic Cell Group in the Rat,” The Journal of Compar-ative Neurology, Vol. 261, No. 4, 1987, pp. 529-542. doi:10.1002/cne.902610406
R. A. Dampney, “Functional Organization of Central Pathways Regulating the Cardiovascular System,” Physiological Reviews, Vol. 74, No. 2, 1994, pp. 323-364.
Y. W. Li, S. L. Wesselingh and W. W. Blessing, “Projections from Rabbit Caudal Medulla To C1 and A5 Sym- pathetic Premotor Neurons, Demonstrated with Phaseolus Leucoagglutinin and Herpes Simplex Virus,” The Journal of Comparative Neurology, Vol. 317, No. 4, 1992, pp. 379-395. doi:10.1002/cne.903170405
D. J. Reis, D. A. Ruggiero and S. F. Morrison, “The C1 Area of the Rostralven-trolateral Medulla Oblongata. A Critical Brainstem Region for Control of Resting and Reflex Integration of Arterial Pressure,” American Journal of Hypertension, Vol. 2, No. 12 Pt 2, 1989, pp. 363S- 374S.
F. Lechin, B. van der Dijs, B. Pardey-Maldonado, J. E. Rivera, S. Baez and M. E. Lechin, “Anorexia Nervosa depends on Adrenal Sympathetic Hyperactivity: Opposite Neuroautonomic Profile of Hyperinsulinism,” Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, Vol. 3, 2010, pp. 311- 317.
F. Lechin, B. van der Dijs, B. Orozco, M. E. Lechin, E. Acosta, A. E. Lechin, et al., “Plasma Neurotrans-mitters, Blood Pressure and Heart Rate during Supine-Resting, Orthostasis and Moderate Exercise Conditions in Major Depressed Patients,” Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 38, No. 3, 1995, pp. 166-173. doi:10.1016/0006-3223(94)00258-5
F. Lechin, B. van der Dijs, B. Pardey-Maldonado, J. E. Rivera, S. Baez, and M. E. Lechin, “Effects of Amantadine on Circulating Neurotransmitters in Healthy Subjects,” Journal of Neural Transmission, Vol. 117, No. 3, 2010, pp. 293-299. doi:10.1007/s00702-010-0371-1
R. K. St?ving, J. Han-gaard, M. Hansen-Nord and C. Hagen, “A Review of Endocrine Changes in Anorexia Nervosa,” Journal of Psychiatry Research, Vol. 33, No. 2, 1999, pp. 139-152. doi:10.1016/S0022-3956(98)00049-1
W. H. Kaye, M. H. Ebert, M. Raleigh and R. Lake, “Abnormalities in CNS Monoamine Metabolism in Anorexia Nervosa,” Archives of General Psychiatry, Vol. 41, No. 4, 1984, pp. 350-355. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1984.01790150040007
M. Nagata and Y. Osumi, Central Noradrenergic Inhibition of Gastric Motility in Rats. European Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 223, No. 2-3, 1992, pp. 153-156. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(92)94833-H
L. Landsberg, and J. B. Young, “Fasting, Feeding and Regulation of the Sympathetic Nervous System,” New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 298, No. 23, 1978, pp. 1295-1301. doi:10.1056/NEJM197806082982306
R. C. Ritter and A. N. Epstein, “Control of Meal Size by Central Noradrenergic Action,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of United States of America, Vol. 72, No. 9, 1975, pp. 3740-3743. doi:10.1073/pnas.72.9.3740
D. A. Booth, “Localization of the Adrenergic Feeding System in the Rat Diencephalon,” Science, Vol. 158, No. 800, 1967, pp. 515-517. doi:10.1126/science.158.3800.515
N. T. Godart, M. F. Flament, Y. Lecrubier and P. Jeammet, “Anxiety Disorders in Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa: Co-Morbidity and Chronology of Appearance,” European Psychiatry, Vol. 15, No. 1, 2000, pp. 38- 45. doi:10.1016/S0924-9338(00)00212-1
F. Lechin and B. van der Dijs, “Central Nervous System plus Autonomic Nervous System Disorders Responsible for the Gastrointestinal and Pancreatobiliary Diseases,” Digestive Diseases and Sciences, Vol. 54, No. 3, 2009, pp. 458-470. doi:10.1007/s10620-008-0369-9
F. Lechin and B. van der Dijs, “Central Nervous System Circuitries Underlying two Types of Peripheral Autonomic Nervous System Disorders,” The Open Neuroscience Journal, Vol. 2, 2008, pp. 41-50.
A. D. Loewy, M. F. Franklin and M. A. Haxhiu, “CNS Monoamine Cell Groups Projecting to Pancreatic Vagal Motor Neurons: A Transneuronal Labeling Study Using Pseudorabies Virus,” Brain Research, Vol. 638, No. 1-2, 1994, pp. 248-260. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)90657-2
F. Lechin, B. van der Dijs, M. E. Lechin, S. Lechin-Báez, H. Jara, A. E. Lechin, et al., “Effects of an Oral Glucose Load on Plasma Neurotransmitters in Humans: Involve- ment of REM Sleep?” Neuropsychobiology, Vol. 26, No. 1-2, 1992, pp. 4-11. doi:10.1159/000118889
F. Lechin and B. van der Dijs, “Central Nervous System (CNS) Circuitry Involved in the Hyperinsulinism Syndrome,” Neuroendocrinology, Vol. 84, No. 4, 2006, pp. 222-234. doi:10.1159/000098005
N. J. Christensen, “Acute Effects of Insulin on Cardiovascular Function and Noradrenaline Uptake and Release,” Diabetologia Review, Vol. 25, No. 5, 1983, pp. 377-381. doi:10.1007/BF00282513
S. J. Fisher, J. C. Brüning, S. Lannon and C. R. Kahn, “Insulin Signaling in the Central Nervous System is Critical for the Normal Sympathoadrenal Response to Hypoglycemia,” Diabetes, Vol. 54, No. 5, 2005, pp. 1447- 1451. doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.5.1447
H. Abdel-melek, T. Fechtali, Y. Filali-Zegzouti, J. L. Rouanet, J. M. Cot-tet-Emard, J. M. Pequignot and H. Barré, “Responsiveness of Plasma Catecholamines to Intracerebroventricular Injection of Glucagon in Muscovy Ducklings,” Journal of Neural Transmission, Vol. 108, No. 7, 2001, pp. 793-801. doi:10.1007/s007020170029
A. M. Strack, W. B. Sawyer, K. B. Platt and A. D. Loewy, “CNS Cell Groups Regulating the Sympathetic Outflow to Adrenal Gland as Revealed by Transneuronal Cell Body Labeling with Pseudorabies Virus,” Brain Research, Vol. 491, No. 2, 1989, pp. 274-296. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90063-2
A. M. Strack, W. B. Sawyer, J. H. Hughes, K. B. Platt and A. D. Loewy, “A General Pattern of CNS Innervation of the Sympathetic Outflow Demonstrated by Transneuronal Pseudorabies Viral Infections,” Brain Research, Vol. 491, No. 1, 1989, pp. 156-162. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90098-X
A. M. Strack and A. D. Loewy, “Pseudorabies Virus: A Highly Specific Transneuronal Cell Body Marker in the Sympathetic Nervous System,” Journal of Neurosciences, Vol. 10, No. 7, 1990, pp. 2139-2147.
Structures Connected with the Endocrine Glands. Findings Obtained with the Viral Transneuronal Tracing Technique,” Experimental & Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes, Vol. 108, No. 6, 2000, pp. 389-395.
F. Lechin, B. van der Dijs and B. Pardey-Maldonado, “Insulin versus Glucagon Crosstalk: Central plus Peripheral Mechanisms,” American Journal of Therapeutic, 2012, In press.