Hiding data in DNA of living organisms
- 1
- 2
Abstract
Recent research has considered DNA an inter-esting medium for long-term and ultra compact information storage and a stegomedium for hid-den messages. Artificial components of DNA with encoded information can be added to the genome of living organisms, such as common bacteria. With this approach, a medium for very height densities information storage, water-marks for protection patents of genetically mo- dified organisms (GMOs) and secure public keys for decrypting hidden information in stega- nocryptography, can be obtained. In this paper, we have selected a Bacillus subtilis gene (tatAD) and use the specific properties of silent muta-tions to obtain a biologically innocuous product. An adapted code for the message insertion in this gene is proposed.
- C. C. Taylor, V. Risca, and C. Bancroft, (1999) Hiding messages in DNA microdots. Nature, 399, 533-534.
- C. Bancroft, T. Bowler, B. Bloom, and C. C. Taylor (2001) Long-term storage of information in DNA. Sci-ence, 293(5536), 1763-1765.
- G. C. Smith, C. C. Fiddes, J. P. Hawkins, and J. P. L. Cox, (2003) Some possible codes for encrypting data in DNA. Biotechnology, 25, 1125-1130.
- B. Shimanovsky, J. Feng, and M. Potkonjak, (2003) Hiding data in DNA, LNCS 2578, 373-386.
- P. C. Wong, K. K. Wong, and H. Foote, (2003) Organic data memory using the DNA approach, Communication of the ACM, 46(1).
- M. Arita and Y. Ohashi, (2005) Secret signature inside genomic DNA biotechnol. Prog, 20 (5), 1605-1607.
- K.Tanaka, A. Okamoto, and I. Saito, (2005) Public-key system using DNA as a one way function for key distri-bution. Biosystems, 81(1), 25-29.
- N. Yachie, K. Sekiyma, J. Sugahara, Y. Ohashi, and M. To-mita, (2007) Alignment-based approach for durable data storage into living organisms biotechnol. Prog., 23, 501-505.
- D. Heider and A. Barnekow, (2007) DNA-based water-marks using the DNA-Crypt algorithm, BMC Bioinfor-matica, 8, 176.
- W. L. Nison, N. Munakata, G. Horneck, H. J. Melosh, and P. Setlow, (2000) Resistance of Bacillus endospores to extreme terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments. Micbiol. Mol. Bio. Rev., 64(3), 548-57.