Bisphosphonates and adipogenesis: Evidence for alendronate inhibition of adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes through a vitamin D receptor mediated effect — Oak Academic Publishing
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Bisphosphonates and adipogenesis: Evidence for alendronate inhibition of adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes through a vitamin D receptor mediated effect
Department of Medical Sciences, Centre of Clinical and Basic Research, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
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Unit of Endocrinology, S. Eugenio & CTO A. Alesini Hospitals, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
,
Department of Medical Sciences, Centre of Clinical and Basic Research, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
,
Department of Medical Sciences, Centre of Clinical and Basic Research, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
,
Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology and Endocrinology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
,
Unit of Endocrinology, S. Eugenio & CTO A. Alesini Hospitals, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Ver- gata”, Rome, Italy
,
Unit of Endocrinology, S. Eugenio & CTO A. Alesini Hospitals, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Ver- gata”, Rome, Italy
,
Department of Medical Sciences, Centre of Clinical and Basic Research, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
,
Unit of Endocrinology, S. Eugenio & CTO A. Alesini Hospitals, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Ver- gata”, Rome, Italy
,
Department of Medical Sciences, Centre of Clinical and Basic Research, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
1 Department of Medical Sciences, Centre of Clinical and Basic Research, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
2 Unit of Endocrinology, S. Eugenio & CTO A. Alesini Hospitals, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
3 Department of Medical Sciences, Centre of Clinical and Basic Research, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
4 Department of Medical Sciences, Centre of Clinical and Basic Research, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
5 Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology and Endocrinology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
6 Unit of Endocrinology, S. Eugenio & CTO A. Alesini Hospitals, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Ver- gata”, Rome, Italy
7 Unit of Endocrinology, S. Eugenio & CTO A. Alesini Hospitals, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Ver- gata”, Rome, Italy
8 Department of Medical Sciences, Centre of Clinical and Basic Research, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
9 Unit of Endocrinology, S. Eugenio & CTO A. Alesini Hospitals, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Ver- gata”, Rome, Italy
10 Department of Medical Sciences, Centre of Clinical and Basic Research, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
Background: Adipocyte and osteoblast derive from the same mesenchimal progenitor. Age-related decrease in bone mass is accompanied by an increase in marrow adipose tissue. Vitamin D3 (VD3) inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Recently it has been demonstrated that alendronate (ALN) inhibits adipogenesis while promoting osteoblast differentiation of mesenchimal stem cells. Aim of the Study: To evaluate the role of ALN on adipocyte differentiation in vitro and the potential synergic role of VD3 co-treatment. Procedures: Murine 3T3-L1 and 3T3-F442A preadipocytes were routinely differentiated in presence of ALN and VD3 10 -9 - 10 -7 M for 7 days and then stained with Oil Red O. The effect of these treatments on mRNA expression of the main molecular markers of adipocyte differentiation (PPARγ and C/EBPα) and VD Receptor (VDR) were analyzed through RT-PCR. Results: Both ALN and VD3 showed a marked anti-adipogenic effect on 3T3-L1 cells. Co-incubation of ALN 10 -8 M and VD3 10 -9 M displayed no synergic effect on inhibition of adipogenesis. PPARγ mRNA expression was significantly reduced by ALN and VD3. mRNA expression of C/EBPα was reduced only by VD3 treatment. An increase in VDR mRNA expression of 3T3-L1 cells was observed with both ALN and VD3. On the contrary, 3T3-F442A cells, which are in a more advanced adipogenic differentiation stage compared to 3T3-L1, did not express detectable levels of VDR. Interestingly, adipose differentiation of 3T3-F442A was not affected by ALN nor VD3. These results suggest that VDR may represent the molecular target of the anti-adipogenic effect of ALN. Conclusion: VDR plays a critical role in mediating the anti-adipogenic effect of ALN. Further studies to clarify this mechanism are warranted.
KeywordsAlendronateAdipogenesisVitamin DVitamin D Receptor3T3-L1Mesenchimal Stem Cells
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