Study of the Energy Efficiency and Climatic Resilience of Building Envelopes in the Republic of Congo
- 1 Laboratory of Mechanics, Energy and Engineering, Marien NGouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
- 2 Laboratory of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
- 3 Laboratory of Mechanics, Energy and Engineering, Marien NGouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
- 4 Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine
Abstract
Climate change is increasing thermal constraints on buildings in humid tropical areas, where air conditioning accounts for up to 60% of residential electricity consumption. In Congo, energy demand is growing while electricity production remains insufficient, exacerbating load shedding. This study analyses the thermal performance of existing building envelopes and proposes construction solutions adapted to the Congolese context. Based on local climate data, architectural surveys and exergoeconomic analysis, various insulation scenarios were simulated. The results show that 50 to 150 mm of mineral wool insulation reduces heat transfer by 2.5 to 5.5 times, leading to a proportional decrease in the exergy costs associated with air conditioning. These results confirm the need to introduce low thermal conductivity materials and energy performance standards for new and existing buildings. The study thus contributes to the implementation of sustainable design strategies adapted to tropical climates.
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