The Types of Tunnels Maintenance in Umbrella Arch Method
- 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- 2 Isfihan University, Isfihan, Iran
- 3 Department of Civil Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- 4 Department of Civil Engineering, UAE Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dubai, Dubai
- 5 Department of Civil Engineering, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
Abstract
During tunneling in loose grounds, the ground deformation caused by drillings around the tunnel, leads to land subsidence and the adjacent tunnel which would affect tunnel structure and surrounding structures. In such situations it is necessary to improve the properties of the ground prior to drilling operations. In order to acquire tunnel face stability during excavation operations in areas with loose soil fault or areas with lack of adhesion, there are various methods such as split cross drilling, frame holder or auxiliary pre-holding methods such as umbrella arch method; pre-holding methods must provide safety when drilling and must be affordable, economically. In this study, we assessed the previous studies on methods and behaviors of umbrella arch strategy in reinforcing the concrete tunnels, reached the purpose with experimental and numerical methods and offered the latest design achievements, implementation progresses and analysis in relation with this method.
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