Non-Destructive Imaging of Water Permeation through Cementitious Materials Using MRI
- 1 Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- 2 Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- 3 Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Abstract
In this study, water permeation through cementitious materials was observed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The influence of cement type on the magnetic resonance signal was studied subsequent to determining the parameters required for imaging. Consequently, adequate imaging of water permeating through hardened cement paste (HCP) made with white Portland cement was achieved, while water permeation through ordinary Portland cement-based HCP yielded poor signal. HCPs maintained at various levels of relative humidity (RH) were observed, and the signal was detected only from those maintained at an RH of higher than 85%. The water permeation depths in HCP were observed by using MRI, and the measured depths were compared to those measured via a spraying water detector on the split surface of the specimens. As a result, good agreement was confirmed between the two methods. Additionally, MRI was applied to concrete specimens; although it was found that water was not detected when a lightweight aggregate was used, water permeation through concrete with limestone aggregate was detectable via MRI. MRI will help in understanding how water permeation causes and accelerates concrete deteriorations such as rebar corrosion and freezing and thawing.
- Claisse, P., Elsayad, H. and Ganjian, E. (2009) Water Vapor and Liquid Permeability Measurements in Cementitious Samples. Advances in Cement Research, 21, 83-89. https://doi.org/10.1680/adcr.8.00046
- Zhang, S.P. and Zong, L. (2014) Evaluation of Relationship between Water Absorption and Durability Ofconcrete Materials. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2014, Article ID: 650373. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/650373
- Akita, H., Fujiwara, T. and Ozaka, Y. (1996) A Practical Procedure for the Analysis of Moisture Transfer within Concrete Due to Drying. Magazine of Concrete Research, 48, 129-137.
- Zhang, X. and Zhao, H. (2015) Characterization of Moisture Diffusion in cured Concrete Slabs at Early Ages. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2015, Article ID: 154394. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/154394
- Ueda, H. and Suzuki, H. (2016) Water Penetrability into Concrete Surface and Interface between Concrete and Repair Materials. Quarterly Report of RTRI, 57, 36-41. https://doi.org/10.2219/rtriqr.57.1_36
- Justnes, H., Bryhn, K. and Rosvold, G.O. (1994) Neutron Radiography: An Excellent Method of Measuring Water Penetration and Moisture Distribution in Cementitious Materials. Advances in Cement Research, 6, 67-72. https://doi.org/10.1680/adcr.1994.6.22.67
- Pleinert, H., Sadouki, H. and Wittmann, F.H. (1998) Determination of Moisture Distributions in Porous Building Materials by Neutron Transmission Analysis. Materials and Structures, 31, 218-224. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02480418
- Marfisi, E., Burgoyne, C.J., Amin, M.H.G. and Hall, L.D. (2005) The Use of MRI to Observe the Structure of Concrete. Magazine of Concrete Research, 57, 101-109. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2005.57.2.101
- Marfisi, E., Burgoyne, C.J., Amin, M.H.G. and Hall, L.D. (2005) The Use of MRI to Observe Fractures in Concrete. Magazine of Concrete Research, 57, 113-123. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2005.57.2.111
- Kaufmann, J., Studer, W., Link, J. and Schenker, K. (1997) Study of Water Suction of Concrete with Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods. Magazine of Concrete Research, 49, 157-165. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1997.49.180.157
- Hashemi, R.H., Bradley, W.G. and Lisanti, C.J. (2010) MRI: The Basics. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia.
- Haynes, H. and Holmes, W.M. (2013) The Emerging Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for 3D Analysis of Sediment Structures and Internal Flow Processes. British Society for Geomorphology, London.