Lots of research es have shown that the optimization of building envelope reduces building energy consumption during its lifecycle. Due to the uncertainty of the relationship between individual design parameters and building performance, the extent of impact cannot be well-understood. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate the impact extent for different design parameters and identify the one (s) that impact (s) more to the building performance and hence focus so as to improve building performance efficiently. In the present research, main design parameters that affect the building performance are selected to analyse the extent of the impact. Material quantities are extracted directly from the Building Information Modelling (BIM) model so as to calculate the embodied energy in material. Moreover, simulation of energy consumption is run for different scenarios during operation stage. Energy embodied in typical construction materials are calculated for each scenario accordingly. Finally, sensitivity analysis is applied to find the extent of impact on life cycle energy of building for the selected design parameters in terms of both embodied energy (EE) and operational energy (OE). A case study of a manufactory plant is carried out to investigate the impact of the selected design parameters.
Sakar, A. and Bose, S. (2016) Exploring Impact of Opaque Building Envelope Components on Thermal and Energy Performance of Houses in Lower Western Himalayans for Optimal Selection. Journal of Building Engineering, 7, 170-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2016.06.009
Huang, J., Lv, H.L., Gao, T., Feng, W., Chen, Y.X. and Zhou, T. (2014) Thermal Properties Optimization of Envelope in Energy-Saving Renovation of Existing Public Buildings. Energy and Buildings, 75, 504-510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.02.040
Pikas, E., Thalfeldt, M. and Kurnitski, J. (2014) Cost Optimal and Nearly Zero Energy Building Solutions for Office Buildings. Energy and Buildings, 74, 30-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.01.039
Liu, S., Meng, X. and Tam, C. (2015) Building Information Modelling Based Building Design Optimization for Sustainability. Energy and Buildings, 105, 139-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.06.037
Nguyen, A. and Reiter, S. (2015) A Performance Comparison of Sensitivity Analysis Methods for Building Energy Models. Building Simulation, 8, 651-664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.06.037
Praseeda, K., Venkatarama, I., Reddy, B.V. and Mani, M. (2016) Embodied and Operational Energy of Urban Residential Buildings in India. Energy and Buildings, 110, 211-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.09.072
Mohammad, S. and Shea, A. (2013) Performance Evaluation of Modern Building Thermal Envelope Designs in the Semi-Arid Continental Climate of Tehran. Buildings, 3, 674-688. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings3040674
Ibn-Mohammed, T., Greenough, R., Taylor, S., Ozawa-Meida, L. and Acquaye, A. (2013) Operational vs. Embodied Emissions in Buildings—A Review of Current Trends. Energy and Buildings, 66, 232-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.07.026
Azari, R., Garshasbib, S., Aminia, P., Rashed-Alia, H. and Mohammadi, Y. (2016) Multi-Objective Optimization of Building Envelope Design for Life Cycle Environmental Performance. Energy and Buildings, 126, 524 -534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.07.026
Department of Energy (2016) Research & Development Roadmap for Emerging Window and Building Envelope Technologies. DOE, Washington DC. http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/02/f8/BTO_windows_and_envelope_report_3.pdf
Goia, F., Time, B. and Gustavsen, A. (2015) Impact of Opaque Building Envelope Configuration on the Heating and Cooling Energy Need of a Single Family House in cold Climates. Energy Procedia, 78, 2626-2631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.07.026
Cole, R. and Kernan, P.C. (1996) Life Cycle Energy Use in Office Buildings. Building and Environment, 31, 307-317. https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-1323(96)00017-0
Adalberth, K. (1997) Energy Use during the Life Cycle of Single-Unit Dwellings: Examples. Building and Environment, 32, 321-329. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1323(96)00069-8
Wadso, L., Karlsson, J. and Tammo, K. (2012) Thermal Properties of Concrete with Various Aggregates. Cement and Concrete Research Manuscript Draft, Lund University, Lund.
Tucker, S. (2000) Embodied and Lifetime Energies in the Built Environment. http://www.dbce.csiro.au/ind-serv/brochures/embodied/embodied.htm
Thormark, C. (2002) A Low Energy Building in a Life Cycle—Its Embodied Energy, Energy Need for Operation and Recycling Potential. Building and Environment, 37, 429-435. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1323(01)00033-6
Ioannou, A. and Itard, L. (2015) Energy Performance and Comfort in Residential Buildings: Sensitivity for Building Parameters and Occupancy. Energy and Buildings, 92, 216-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.01.055
Hammond, G. and Jones, C. (2008) Embodied Energy and Carbon in Construction Materials. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Energy, 161, 87-98. https://doi.org/10.1680/ener.2008.161.2.87
Dowd, R.M. and Mourshed, M. (2015) Low Carbon Buildings: Sensitivity of Thermal Properties of Opaque Envelope Construction and Glazing. Energy Procedia, 75, 1284-1289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.189
Hussain, A. (2015) Significance of Embodied Energy and U-Value in Green Buildings: An Overview. International Conference on Technologies for Sustainability-Engineering, Information Technology, Management and the Environment, Faridabad, 28 November 2015.
Chinese National Standard (2015) GB50189-2015-Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Public Buildings.
Ochoa, C.E., Aries, M.B.C., van Loenen, E.J. and Hensen, J.L.M. (2012) Considerations on Design Optimization Criteria for Windows Providing Low Energy Consumption and High Visual Comfort. Applied Energy, 95, 238-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.02.042
Harwell, A. (2016) Windows Technical Background Report Windows. European Commission, Brussels.
Hassan, A.S. and Al-Ashwal, N.T. (2015) Impact of Building Envelope Modification on Energy Performance of High-Rise Apartments in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management and Applied Sciences & Technologies, 3, 91-105.
Yu, J., Tian, L., Yang, C., Xu, X. and Wang, J. (2013) Sensitivity Analysis of Energy Performance for High-Rise Residential Envelope in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone of China. Energy and Buildings, 64, 264-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.05.018
Lam, C. and Hui, C.M. (1996) Sensitivity Analysis of Energy Performance of Office Buildings. Building and Environment, 31, 27-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-1323(95)00031-3
Scheer, D. (2013) Advanced Energy Analysis with Green Building Studio DOE2 and EnergyPlus Support. http://autodesk.typepad.com/bpa/2013/03/advanced-energy-analysis-with-green-building-studio-doe2-and-energyplus-support.html
Wulfinghoff, D.R., Rawal, R., Garg, V. and Mathur, J. (2009) Building Envelope. http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/Pnado833.pdf
Heiselberg, A., Brohus, H., Hesselholt, A., Rasmussen, H., Seinre, E. and Thomas, S. (2009) Application of Sensitivity Analysis in Design of Sustainable Buildings. Renewable Energy, 34, 2030-2036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2009.02.016
Harvey, L.D.D. (2009) Reducing Energy Use in the Buildings Sector: Measures, Costs, and Examples. Energy Efficiency, 2, 139-163. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-009-9041-2