Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
Experimental Study in Out-Door Tanks of N and P Uptake by the Aquatic Communities of Lake Kinneret
Migal-Scientific Research Institute, Kiryat Shmone, Israel
Szarvas Research Station, Annaliget, Hungary
- 1 Migal-Scientific Research Institute, Kiryat Shmone, Israel
- 2 Szarvas Research Station, Annaliget, Hungary
Open Journal of Ecology·Volume 05 (2015)·Pages 528–536·Published 9 October 2015·DOI10.4236/oje.2015.510043
Copy link · social · email
Abstract
Two trials (1 st Trial-46 and 2 nd Trial-64 hrs duration) experiment in 8 out-door tanks (5 m 3 ) were carried out with similar design: 4 fish densities (0, 1, 5, and 10), 2 densities of zooplankton (high and low) and 4 increasing levels of P and N concentrations of nutrient enrichments. The consecutive changes of N and P concentrations were measured at 3 (Trial 1) and 4 (Trial 2) time intervals. It was found that nutrient uptake of the entire community, which is the differences between initial and final concentrations, was mostly affected by the initial enrichment. The ecological implications are discussed.
KeywordsKinneretN &PCommunity UptakeZooplanktonCommon Carp
- Grice, G.D. and Reeve, M.R., Eds. (1982) Marine Mesocosms: Biological and Chemical Research in Experimental Ecosystems. Heidelberg, New-York, Berlin, 430 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5645-8
- Stewart, R.I.A., Dossena, M., Bohan, D.A., Jepppessen, E., et al. (2013) Mesocosm Experiments as a Tool for Ecological Climate-Change Research. Advances in Ecological Research, 48, 71-181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-417199-2.00002-1
- Soto, D. (1989) The Relevance of Reproductive Characteristics of Zooplankton to Experimental Studies in Outdoor Enclosures. Hydrobiologia, 182, 35-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00006366
- Threlkeld, T.S. (1988) Planktivory and Planktivore Biomas Effects on Zooplankton Phytoplankton and Trophic Cascade. Limnology and Oceanography, 33, 1362-1375. http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1988.33.6.1362
- Drenner, R.W., Threlkeld, S.T. and McCracken, M.D. (1986) Experimental Analysis of the Direct and Indirect Effects of an Omnivorous Filter-Feeding Clupeid on Plankton Community Structure. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 43, 1935-1945. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f86-239
- Gophen, M. (2011) The Cladoceran Trophic Status in the Nitrogen Limited Ecosystem of Lake Kinneret (Israel). Journal of Environmental Biology, 32, 455-462.
- Gophen, M. (2015) The Impact of Available Nitrogen Deficiency on Long-Term Changes in the Lake Kinneret Ecosystem. Open Journal of Ecology, 5, 147-157. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oje.2015.54013
- Gophen, M. (2014) Competitive Consumption of the Lake Kinneret (Israel) Plankton by Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Sarotherodon galilaeus. Open Journal of Ecology, 4, 532-542. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oje.2014.49043
- Gophen, M. (2015) Experimental Study of the Aphanizomenon ovalisporum Response to Nitrogen Fertilization in the Sub-Tropical Eu-Mesotrophic Lake Kinneret (Israel). Open Journal of Ecology, 5, 259-265. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oje.2015.56020
- Gophen, M., Smith, V.H., Nishri, A. and Threlkeld, S.T. (1999) Nitrogen Deficiency, Phosphorus Sufficiency, and the Invasion of Lake Kinneret, Israel, by N2-Fixing Cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon ovalisporum. Aquatic Sciences, 1, 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00001326
- Wetzel, R.G. and Likens, G.E. (2000) Limnological Analyses. 3rd Edition, Springer, New York, Chapter: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Other Nutrients, 85-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3250-4