Paleoceanography and Paleobiogeography Patterns of the Turonian-Campanian Foraminifers from the Abderaz Formation, North Eastern Iran — Oak Academic Publishing
Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
Paleoceanography and Paleobiogeography Patterns of the Turonian-Campanian Foraminifers from the Abderaz Formation, North Eastern Iran
Department of geology, Faculty of science, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
,
Department of geology, Faculty of science, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
,
Department of geology, Faculty of science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
1 Department of geology, Faculty of science, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Department of geology, Faculty of science, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Department of geology, Faculty of science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
In this research, the Turonian-early Campanian sedimentary succession of the Abderaz Formation with 510 mthick (comprising: light grey shale and marls) was studied in the type section in eastern Kopeh-Dagh basin. The statistical analysis of the morphotype groups of the identified planktonic foraminifers shows that most of them are shallow water forms (SWF) and deep water forms (DWF). The high planktonic to benthic ratio indicates particular oligotrophic conditions and sedimentation in relatively deeper zones of a marine environment. The salinity of sea water during Coniacian was in the minimum level, whereas it reached maximum in Coniacian-Santonian boundary. Comparing Planktonic assemblages from the study formation with those from the Cretaceous biogeographical provinces reflects a close relationship between the identified species and the planktonic forms of the Tethyan provinces.
M. S. Ardestani, E. Ghasemi-Nejad and H. Vazirimoghadam, “Palaeobathymetry of the Abderaz Formation at Type Section Using Planktonic and Benthic Foraminifera,” Journal of Science University of Tehran, Vol. 34, No. 4, 2008, pp. 45-57. (in Persian, abstract in English)
M. B. Hart, “The Recognition of Mid-Cretaceous Sea Level Changes by Means of Foraminifera,” Cretaceous Research, Vol. 1, No. 4, 1980, pp. 289-297. doi:10.1016/0195-6671(80)90040-3
R. M. Leckie, “Paleoecology of Mid-Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminifera: A Comparison of Open Ocean & Epicontinental Sea Assemblages,” Micropaleontology, Vol. 33, No. 2, 1987, pp. 164-176. doi:10.2307/1485491
F. J. Jorissen, C. Fontanier and E. Thomas, “Paleoceanographical Proxies Based on Deep-Sea Benthic Foraminiferal Assemblage Characteristics,” Developments in Marine Geology, Vol. 1, No., 2007, pp. 263-325. doi:10.1016/S1572-5480(07)01012-3
F. B. Phleger, “Foraminiferal Distribution, Pt. l, Ecology of Foraminifera, Northwest Gulf of Mexico,” The Geological Society of American Memoir, Vol. 46, 1951, pp. 1-88.
T. F. Grimsdale and F. P. C. M. Van Morkhoven, “The Ratio between Pelagic & Benthonic Foraminifera as a Means of Estimating Depth of Deposition of Sedimentary Rocks,” Proceedings of the 4th World Petroleum Congress (Rome) Section 1/D4, Rome, 1955, pp. 473-491.
T. Wolff, B. Grieger, W. Hale, A. Du¨rkoop, S. Mulitza, J. Pa¨tzold and G. Wefer, “On the Reconstruction of Paleosalinites,” In: G. Fischer and G. Wefer, Eds., Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography: Examples from the South Atlantic, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1999, pp. 207-228. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-58646-0_8
Ch. Pierre, “The Carbon & Oxygen Isotope Distribution in the Mediterranean Water Masses,” Marine Geology, Vol. 153, No. 1-4, 1999, pp. 41-55. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(98)00090-5
A. Afshar-Harb, “Geology of Kopet Dagh.,” In: A. Hushmandzadeh, Ed., Treatise on the Geology of Iran, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, 1994. (In Persian)
H. M. Bolli, “The Genera Praeglobotruncana, Globotruncana, Rotalipora Abathomphalus in the Upper Cretaceous of Trinidad,” Natural History Museum Bulletin, Vol. 1, No. 215, 1957, pp. 51-60.
J. Postuma, “Manual of Planktonic Foraminifera,” Elsevier Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1971.
F. Robaszynski, M. Caron, “Atlas de Foraminife`rs Planctoniques du Cre′tace′ Moyen (Mer Boreale et Tethys), Premie`re Partie,” Cahiers de Micropaleontologie, Vol. 1, No. 15, 1979, pp. 1-185.
F. Robaszynski and M. Caron, “Foraminifers Planktonique du Cretace,” Bulletine Society Geological of France, Vol. 166, 1995, pp. 681-698.
I. P. Silva and W. V. Sliter, “Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy & Evolutionary Trends from the Bottaccione Section, Gubbio, Italy,” Palaeontographia Italica, Vol. 82, 1994, pp. 1-89.
A. R. Loeblich Jr and E. Tappan, “Foraminiferal Genera & Their Classification,” Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, 1988.
B. F. Ellis and A. R. Messina, “Catalogue of Foraminifera on CD ROM,” American Museum of Natural History, New York, 1999.
I. P. Silva and D. Verga, “Practical Manual of Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminifera,” In: D. Verga and R. Rettori, Eds., International School on Planktonic Foraminifera, Universities of Perugia & Milano, Tipografia Pontefelcino, Perugia, 2004.
M. B. Hart and D. J. Carter, “Some Observation on the Cretaceous Foraminifera of South-East England,” Journal of Foraminiferal Research, Vol. 5, No. 2, 1975, pp. 114-126.
D. Dias-Brito, “Global Stratigraphy, Palaeobiogeography & Palaeoecology of Albian-Maastrichtian Pithonellid Calcispheres,” Cretaceous Research, Vol. 21, No. 2-3, 2000, pp. 315-349. doi:10.1006/cres.2000.0196
G. Keller, T. Adatte, W. Stinnesbeck, V. Luciani, N. Karoui and D. Zaghbib-Turki, “Tertiary Mass Extinction in Planktic Foraminifera,” Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, Vol. 178, No. 3-4, 2002, pp. 257-298. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(01)00399-6
R. Martinez, “Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy & Paleoenvironment of the Maastrichtian Colon Mudstone of Northern South America,” Micropaleontology, Vol. 35, No. 2, 1989, pp. 97-113. doi:10.2307/1485462
V. Luciani, “High Resolution Planktonic Foraminifera Analysis from the Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary at Ain Settara (Tunisia): Evidence of an Extended Mass Extinction,” Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, Vol. 178, No. 3-4, 2002, pp. 299-319. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(01)00400-X
A. Shahin, “Contribution to the Foraminifera Biostratigraphy & Paleobathymetry of the Late Cretaceous & early Tertiary in Western Central Sinai Egypt,” Revue de Micropaleontologie, Vol. 35, No. 2, 1992, pp. 157-175.
D. Schmidt, H. Thierstein and G. Bollmann, “The Evolutionary History of Size Variation of Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage in the Cenozoic,” Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, Vol. 212, No. 1, 2004, pp. 159-180.
I. P. Silva and W. V. Sliter, “Cretaceous Paleoceanography: Evidence from Planktonic Foraminiferal Evolution,” The Geological Society of America, Vol. 332, 1999, pp. 301-328.
M. B. Hart, “The Evolution and Biodiversity of Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminiferida,” Geobios, Vol. 32, No. 2, 1999, pp. 247-255. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(99)80038-2
D. L. Eicher, “Cenomanian & Turonian Planktonic Foraminifera from the Western Interior of the United States,” In: P. Bronnimann and H. H. Renz, Eds., Proceedings of the First International Conference on Planktonic Microfossils, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1969, pp. 163-174.
D. L. Eicher and P. Worstell, “Cenomanian & Turonian, Foraminifera from the Great Plains, United States,” Micropaleontology, Vol. 16, No. 3, 1970, pp. 296-324. doi:10.2307/1485079
W. V. Sliter, “Upper Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminiferal Zoogeography & Ecology-Eastern Pacific Margin,” Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, Vol. 12, No. 12, 1972, pp. 15-31.
H. Tappan, “Foraminifera from Thengrayson Formation of Northern Texas,” Journal of Paleontology, Vol. 14, No. 2, 1940, pp. 93-126.
H. Tappan, “Foraminifera from the Duck Creek Formation of Oklahoma & Texas,” Journal of Paleontology, Vol. 17, No. 5, 1943, pp. 93-126.
A. R. Loeblich Jr. and H. Tappan, “Foraminifera from the Type Kiowa Shale, Lower Cretaceous of Kansas,” University of Kansas, Lawrence, 1950.
D. L. Eicher, “Cenomanian & Turonian Planktonic Foraminifera from the Western Interior of the United States,” In: P. Bronnimann and H. H. Renz, Eds., Proceedings of the First International Conference on Planktonic Microfossils, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1969, pp. 163-174.
M. Caron, P. Homewood, “Evolution of Early Planktic Foraminifers,” Marine Micropaleontology, Vol. 7, No. 6, 1983, pp. 435-462. doi:10.1016/0377-8398(83)90010-5
P. N. Leary and M. B. Hart, “The Use of Ontogeny of Deep Water Dwelling Planktic Foraminifera to Assess Basin Morphology, the Development of Water Masses, Eustasy and the Position of the Oxygen Minimum Zone in the Water Column,” Mesozoic Research, Vol. 2, No. 2, 1989, pp. 67-74.
C. Emiliani, “Pleistocene Temperatures,” The Journal of Geology, Vol. 63, No. 6, 1955, pp. 538-578. doi:10.1086/626295
R. G. Douglas and W. V. Sliter, “Regional Distribution of Late Cretaceous Rotaliporidae & Globotruncanidae (Foraminiferida) within North America,” Tulane Stude in Geology, Vol. 4, No. 3, 1966, pp. 89-131.
G. Ottens and A. Nederbragt, “Planktonic Foraminifer’s Diversity as Indicator of Ocean Environment,” Marine Micropaleontology, Vol. 19, No. 1-2, 1992, pp. 13-28. doi:10.1016/0377-8398(92)90019-G
S. Abramovich, G. Keller, T. Adatte, W. Stinnesbeck, L. Hottinger, D. Stueben, Z. Berner, B. Ramanivosoa and A. Randriamanan Tenasoa, “Age & Paleoenviroment of the Maastrichtian to Paleocene of the Mahajanga Basin, Madagascar: A Multidisciplinary Approach,” Marine Micropaleontology Vol. 47, No. 1-2, 2002, pp. 17-70.
G. D. Price and M. B. Hart, “Isotopic Evidence for Early to Mid-Cretaceous Ocean Temperature Variability,” Marine Micropaleontology, Vol. 46, No. 1-2, 2002, pp. 45-58. doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(02)00043-9
G. Keller and A. Pardo, “Paleoecology of the Cenomanian-Turonian Stratotype Section (GSSP) at Pueblo, Colorado,” Marine Micropaleontology, Vol. 51, No. 1-2, 2004, pp. 95-128. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2003.08.004
H. W. Bailey and M. B. Hart, “The Correlation of the Early Santonian in Western Europas,” IUGS, Vol. 1, No. 6, 1979, pp. 159-169.
M. Caron, “Cretaceous Planktic Foraminifera,” In: H. M. Bolli, J. B. Saunders and K. P. Nielsen, Eds., Plankton Stratigraphy, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1985, pp. 17-86.
M. R. Petrizzo, “Palaeoceanographic & Palaeoclimatic Inferences from Late Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminiferal Assemblages from the Exmouth Plateau (ODP Sites 762 and 763, Eastern Indian Ocean),” Marine Micropaleontology, Vol. 45, No. 2, 2002, pp. 117-150. doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(02)00020-8