Contribution of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in the Management of Dysphagia: A Multicenter Study about 324 Cases

Abstract

Introduction : Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is the first-line investigation for patients presenting with dysphagia. It offers both diagnostic and therapeutic benefits. The aim of this study was to assess the role of EGD in the management of dysphagia. Patients and Methods : This retrospective, descriptive, multicenter study was conducted from 1st March 2021 to 31 July 2022. All patients with an indication for EOGD due to dysphagia were included. Socio-demographic information, endoscopy indications and findings, lesion anatomopathology, and the endoscopic treatments performed were collected and analyzed using Epi Info version 7.2.6.0 and R 4.4.0. Results : The prevalence of dysphagia was 6.8%. The mean age was 46 years (range: 2 - 93 years), with a sex ratio of 0.8 (180 women). Dysphagia was classified as high in 51.8% of cases, was of organic origin in 97.6% of cases, and chronic in 50% of cases. It was primarily associated with epigastric pain (11.4%) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (4.9%). Etiologies of dysphagia were identified in 184 patients (56.8%). The principal lesions observed included rings (29.4%), esophageal tumors (25.5%), esophageal candidiasis (15.8%), and peptic lesions (12.5%). Savary-Guilliard bougie dilation was performed in 31.5% of cases. Conclusion : EOGD occupies a central role in the management of dysphagia. It has made it possible to identify the etiology in the majority of cases and to treat it in some cases.