Implantation metastasis from colorectal cancer into haemorroidectomy wound is very rare. The management of this condition remains controversial. We report a case of 68-year-old man with perianal soft tissue lesion biopsied and histopathology revealed an adenocarcinoma. Further investigation by colonoscopy and computed tomography scan revealed rectal adenocarcinoma. Pathological examination confirmed that this lesion was a distant metastasis from rectal cancer. The case was discussed at the multidisplinary meeting and the patient was advised to undergo long course neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by anterior resection and local excision of perianal metastasis. This case will be treated with long course neoadjuvannt chemoradiotherapy and after six weeks from treatment completion the plan is to perform sphincter sparing anterior resection and local excision of perianal implanted tumor.
KeywordsColorectal CancerHaemorrhiodectomyWound
Guiss, R.L. (1954) The Implantation of Cancer Cell within a Fistula in Ano: Case Report. Surgery, 36, 136-139.
Gupta, R., Kay, M. and Birch, D.W. (2005) Implantation Metastasis from Adenocarcinoma of the Colon into a Fistula-in-Ano: A Case Report. Canadian Journal of Surgery, 48, 162-163. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10350-004-0757-7-y
Murata, A., Takatsuka, S., Shinkawa, H., Kaizaki, R., Hori, T. and Ikehara, T. (2014) A Case Report of Metastatic anal Fistula Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy, 41, 1869-1871.
Gomes, R.M., Kumar, R.K., Desouza, A. and Saklani, A. (2014) Implantation Metastasis from Adenocarcinoma of the Sigmoid Colon into a Perianal Fistula: A Case Report. Annals of Gastroenterology, 27, 276-279.
Benjelloun El, B., Aitalalim, S., Chbani, L., Mellouki, I., Mazaz, K. and Aittaleb, K. (2012) Rectosigmoid Adenocarcinoma Revealed by Metastatic Anal Fistula. The Visible Part of the Iceberg: A Report of Two Cases with Literature Review. World Journal of Surgical Oncology, 10, 209. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7819-10-209
Tomimaru, Y., Ohue, M., Noura, S., Tanida, T., Miyashiro, I., Yano, M., Ohigashi, H., Sasaki, Y., Ishikawa, O. and Imaoka, S. (2005) A Case of Anal Fistula Cancer Probably Developing from Intraluminal Dissemination of Rectal Cancer. Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy, 32, 1776-1778.
Ollinson, P.D. and Dundas, S.A. (1984) Adenocarcinoma of Sigmoid Colon Seeding into Pre-Existing Fistula in Ano. British Journal of Surgery, 71, 664-665. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800710904
Kouraklis, G., Glinavou, A., Kouvaraki, M., Raftopoulos, J. and Karatzas, G. (2002) Anal Lesion Resulting from Implantation of Viable Tumour Cells in a Pre-Existing anal Fistula. A Case Report. Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 102, 212-213. https://doi.org/10.1080/00015458.2002.11679299
Ishiyama, S., Inoue, S., Kobayashi, K., Sano, Y., Kushida, N., Yamazaki, Y. and Yanaga, K. (2006) Implantation of Rectal Cancer in an Anal Fistula: Report of a Case. Surgery Today, 36, 747-749. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-006-3236-3
Wakatsuki, K., Oeda, Y., Isono, T., Yoshioka, S., Nukui, Y., Yamazaki, K., Nabeshima, S. and Miyazaki, M. (2008) Adenocarcinoma of the Rectosigmoid Colon Seeding into Pre-Existing Anal Fistula. Hepatogastroenterology, 55, 952-955.
Kelly cristine de lacerda Rodrigues buzatti, igor guedes nogueira reis, isabelle reis daldegan and beatriz deoti silva Rodrigues (2018) Rectal Cancer Metastasis to an Anal Fissure. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology and Treatment, 4, 61.
Gomes, R.M., et al. (2014) Implantation Metastasis from Adenocarcinoma of the Sigmoid Colon into a Perianal Fistula: A Case Report. Annals of Gastroenterology, 27, 276-279.
Rakoto-Ratsimba, H.N., Rakototiana, A.F., Rakotosamimanana, J. and Ranaivozanany, A. (2006) Anal Adenocarcinoma Revealed by a Fistula-in-Ano. Report of a Case. Annales de Chirurgie, 131, 564-566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anchir.2006.03.019
Hsu, T.-C. and Lin, L. (2007) Implantation of Adenocarcinoma on Hemorrhoidectomy Wound. International Journal of Colorectal Disease, 22, 1407-1408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-006-0179-5
Timaran, C.H., Sangwan, Y.P. and Solla, J.A. (2000) Adenocarcinoma in a Hemorrhoidectomy Specimen: Case Report and Review of the Literature. The American Surgeon, 66, 789-792.
Abbasakoor, F., Srivastava, V., Swarnkar, K. and Stephenson, B.M. (2004) Implantation Anal Metastases after Out-Patient Treatment of Haemorrhoids. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 86, 38-39. https://doi.org/10.1308/003588404772614678
Gujral, D.M., Bhattacharyya, S., Hargreaves, P. and Middleton, G.W. (2008) Metastatic Rectal Adenocarcinoma within Haemorrhoids: A Case Report. Journal of Medical Case Reports, 2, 128. https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-1947-2-128
Liasis, L. and Papaconstantinou, H.T. (2016) Colorectal Cancer Implant in an External Hemorrhoidal Skin Tag. Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center), 29, 194-195. https://doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2016.11929414
Tranchart, H., Benoist, S., Penna, C., Julie, C., Rougier, P. and Nordlinger, B. (2008) Cutaneous Perianal Recurrence on the Site of Lone Star Retractor after J-Pouch Coloanal Anastomosis for Rectal Cancer: Report of Two Cases. Diseases of the Colon & Rectum, 51, 1850-1852. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10350-008-9338-9
Cantos-Pallarés, M., García-Armengol, J., Mulas-Fernández, C., Sancho-Moya, C., Fabra-Cabrera, I., Bruna-Esteban, M. and Roig-Vila, J.V. (2012) Perianal Cutaneous Metastases from Colorectal Adenocarcinoma. Revista Espanola de Enfermedades Digestivas, 104, 41-42.
Meshikhes, A.W.N. (1998) An Unusual Implantation of a Rectosigmoid Adenocarcinoma into a Hemorrhoidectomy Scar. Annals of Saudi Medicine, 18, 242-243. https://doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.1998.242
Takahashi, R., et al. (2015) A Case of Metastatic Carcinoma of Anal Fistula Caused by Implantation from Rectal Cancer. Surgical Case Reports, 1, Article No. 123.
Placer, C., Elósegui, J.L., Irureta, I., Mujika, J.A., Goena, I. and Enríquez Navascués, J.M. (2007) Metástasis cutánea perineal de adenocarcinoma tras cirugía de cáncer colorrectal. Cirugía Española, 82, 41-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-739X(07)71660-3
De Friend, D.J., Kramer, E., Prescott, R., Corson, J. and Gallagher, P. (1992) Cutaneous Perianal Recurrence of Cancer after Anterior Resection Using the EEA Stapling Device. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 74, 142-143.