Viral Hepatitis B: Seroprevalence and Genetic Diversity in Blood Donors North of Congo
- 1 Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Internal Medicine Of Brazzaville Universty Hospital Center, Brazzaville, Congo
- 2 Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Cong
- 3 Department of Metabolic Diseases of Brazzaville University Hospital Center, Brazzaville, Congo
- 4 Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Internal Medicine Of Brazzaville Universty Hospital Center, Brazzaville, Congo
- 5 Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Internal Medicine Of Brazzaville Universty Hospital Center, Brazzaville, Congo
- 6 Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Internal Medicine Of Brazzaville Universty Hospital Center, Brazzaville, Congo
- 7 Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Internal Medicine Of Brazzaville Universty Hospital Center, Brazzaville, Congo
- 8 Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Internal Medicine Of Brazzaville Universty Hospital Center, Brazzaville, Congo
- 9 Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Internal Medicine Of Brazzaville Universty Hospital Center, Brazzaville, Congo
- 10 Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Internal Medicine Of Brazzaville Universty Hospital Center, Brazzaville, Congo
- 11 Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Internal Medicine Of Brazzaville Universty Hospital Center, Brazzaville, Congo
- 12 Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Internal Medicine Of Brazzaville Universty Hospital Center, Brazzaville, Congo
Abstract
Introduction: Viral hepatitis B is the most formidable and confusing of all viral hepatitis, given its cirrhogenic and carcinogenic potential. The objective of the study is to characterize the molecular profile of hepatitis virus B in northern Congo. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study that was carried out between January and September 2014, that is 9 months, in the establishments of the National Center for Blood Transfusion (CNTS) of the 4 departments of the north of the Congo. Epidemiological, serological and molecular variables (HBsAg, HBV DNA, genotypes and subtypes) were studied. The HBs antigen was searched by rapid test and confirmed by ELISA. For all positive donors, conventional and specific gene extraction and amplification techniques were performed for the identification of genotypes and subtypes from the serum. Results: A total of 892 donors were included. The average age was 35.36 ± 12.36 years with extremes ranging from 18 to 65 years old. The sex ratio (M/F) was 3.3. The prevalence of HBV was 8.6%. The viral DNA of HBV was amplified in 83.1%. Four genotypes were found: E (40.6%), A (3.1%), B (3.1%) and C (1.6%). Two cases of co-infection were identified: E/A (15.6%) and B/C (1.6%). Subgenotypes A1, B2 and C1 were highlighted. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBV is high, HBV infection remains a major public health problem for blood donors in Congo. Genotypes E, A, B, C as well as subtypes A1, B2, C1 have been identified in northern Congo.
- Lemoine, M, Eholié, S. and Lacombe, K. (2015) Reducing Neglected Burden of Viral Hepatitis in Africa: Stratégies of the Global Approach. Journal of Hepatology, 62, 469-476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2014.10.008
- AtipoIbara, B.I., Itoua-Ngaporo, A.N., Dzia-Lepfoundzou, A., Ahoui-Apendi, C., Bossali, F., et al. (2015) Hepatitis B Virus in Congo (Brazzaville): Seroprevalence and Genetic Diversity in Blood Donors in Hyper-Endemic Areas. Journal Africain d?Hépato-Gastroentérologie, 9, 127-131.
- Ntagirabiri, R., Munezero, B., Nahimana, C. and Ndabaneze, E. (2016) Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes and Evolutionary Markers of Chronic HBsAg Carriers in Bujumbura. Pan African Medical Journal, 23, 95. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2016.23.95.8424
- Naito, H., Hayashi, S. and Abe, K. (2001) Rapid and Specific Genotyping System for Hepatitis B Virus Corresponding to Six Major Genotypes by PCR Using Type-Specific Primers. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 39, 362-364. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.39.1.362-364.2001
- Mbendi Nlombi, C., Longo-Mbenza, B., Mbendi Nsukini, S., Muyembe Tamfum, J.J., Situakibibanza, H., et al. (2001) Prevalence of HIV and HBsAg in Blood Donors. Residual Risk of Contamination in Blood Recipients in East Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Medecine tropicale, 61, 139-142.
- Mongo-Onkouo, A., Itoko Okombi, R., Boumba, A., Niam, F.R., Ahoui Apendi, C.P., Mimiesse, J.F., et al. (2018) Seroprevalence and Molecular Biodiversity of Hepatitis B and Delta Virus Infections in the Republic of Congo. Open Journal of Gastroenterology, 8, 448-454. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojgas.2018.812046
- Noubiap, J.J.N., Walburga, Y.A.J., Nansseu, J.R.N., Tene, U.G. and Siaka, C. (2013) Sero-Epidemiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B and C Viruses, and Syphilis Infections among First-Time Blood Donors in Edéa, Cameroon. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 17, 832-838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2012.12.007
- Namululi, B.A., Guerrieri, C. and Dramaix, M.W. (2013) Prevalence and Incidence of HIV and Hepatitis B in Blood Donors and Estimation of the Residual Risk of Transmission of HIV and HBV by Blood Transfusion. A Study at the Provincial General Reference Hospital of Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 61, 139-144.
- Koné, M.C., Sidibé, E.T., Malle, K.K. and Diara, M.T. (2012) Seroprevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and Hepatitis B and C in Blood Donors in Segou, Mali. Médecine et Santé Tropicales, 22, 97-98.