Renal Failure and Viral Hepatitis B: Epidemiological, Clinical, Biological and Evolutionary Aspects in the Internal Medicine Department of Donka National Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate renal failure associated with viral hepatitis B in the internal medicine department of Donka National Hospital. Material and Methods : This was a retrospective, descriptive study from January 1 to September 30, 2023, covering the files of renal failure patients carrying the hepatitis B virus hospitalized in the department during the study period. Results: Twenty-five cases of viral hepatitis B were collected from a total of 92 patients with renal failure, representing a frequency of 21.7%. The mean age was 44 years ± 16.54 with a male predominance. The most frequently found reason for consultation was abdominal distension (72%). The mean evolution of the signs was 37.68 days ± 39.82. The taking of decoction was the most frequently found antecedent (28%). The physical signs were dominated by dullness of the flanks (64%). Among our patients, 8 (32%) had oliguria. The majority (48%) had a creatinine clearance between 30 and 59 ml/min/1.73m 2 with a mean clearance of 33.11 ml/min/1.73m 2 ± 16.98. The mean hemoglobin level was 11.09 g/dl ± 2.02. Acute renal failure was the most common (88%). The most common etiology was decompensated cirrhosis (88%). The etiologies of cirrhosis were dominated by HBV (80%). Ten of our patients (40%) had died. Con clusion: Hepatitis B virus infection was frequently associated with renal failure in our study. The majority of patients had acute renal failure. Decompensated cirrhosis was identified as the most frequently associated factor with impaired renal function.