Comparison of Fractional Flow Reserve-Guided Revascularization Strategies in Isolated Proximal Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract

The data about FFR-guided revascularization in isolated proximal LAD disease are limited and studies comparing long-term outcomes of FFR-guided PCI versus FFR-guided CABG in single-vessel proximal LAD disease are lacking. We aimed to assess the 4-year long-term safety and effectiveness of fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and FFR-guided coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) for the treatment of proximal left anterior descending (LAD) lesions. The study included 129 patients with functionally significant (FFR ≤ 0.80) isolated proximal LAD stenosis (PCI, 88 patients vs. CABG, 41). Clinical endpoints were assessed by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. At a mean follow-up time of 47 ± 12 months, a higher incidence of myocardial infarction in the PCI group (PCI: 32% vs. CABG: 15%; p = 0.003) and a higher incidence of stroke in the CABG group (CABG: 3 (7%) vs. PCI 0 (0%); p = 0.031) were observed. However, there were no significant differences in the primary composite endpoint, death and target vessel revascularization between PCI and CABG groups. The PCI and CABG in isolated proximal LAD lesions yielded similar long-term outcomes regarding the primary composite clinical endpoints. However, stroke was more frequent in the CABG group than in the PCI group.