Spectrum of Hypertriglyceridemia at the Onset of Type 2 Diabetes in Ouagadougou

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertriglyceridemia is a frequent dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes. We aimed to determine its prevalence, its typology, and its associated factors in newly type 2 diabetes patients in Ouagadougou. Material and Method: This cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic study has been performed from May 2015 to June 2016 in the Internal medicine department in Yalgado Ouédraogo teaching hospital, Ouagadougou. An accidental sample of newly type 2 diabetes outpatients, na?ve of antidiabetics therapy was studied. A 12-hour fasting triglyceridemia was performed; hypertriglyceridemia was defined for triglyceridemia > 1.5 g/L (1.7 mmol/L). Data were analyzed with Epi info 7.1.5.0. Proportions and means were compared respectively with Khi2 or Fisher’s test and Student’s test with a significance of p < 5%. Results: One hundred and three patients, i.e. 35 (34%) men and 68 (66%) women were included. The sex ratio was 0.51 and the mean age 49.3 ± 10.1 years [limits: 24 and 70]. The mean value of triglyceridemia was 1.8 ± 1.7 mmol/L [limits: 0.5 and 14.9]. Hypertriglyceridemia was reported in 32 patients (31.1%): minor (<4.52 mmol/L) in 26 (81.3%), moderate (between 4.52 and 11.30 mmol/L) in five (15.6%) and severe (>11.30 mmol/L) in one (3.1%) patients. Hypertriglyceridemia’s phenotype was commonly integrated into a mixed dyslipidemia; it was often combined with a total cholesterolemia increase and a HDL cholesterolemia decrease. In bivariate analysis, hyperglycemia was associated with severe hyperglycemia (p = 0.006) and renal failure (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Hypertriglyceridemia in type 2 diabetes is frequent and often combined with other lipids disorders. It may need an optimal care.