Effective implementation of harassment Act might be inevitable to acquiring gender equality in higher education institutions and diminishing the influence of patriarchal and conservative mind set. This study intended to explore implementation of the harassment Act (2010) in universities. Although Government of Pakistan has enforced harassment Act and Higher Education Commission (HEC) made it mandatory to implement, none of the university in the sample has implemented it. Various incidence of harassment has been reported by study participants and in certain cases, victims are asked to resign the jobs as they refuse or fail to comply with the drives of male colleagues and heads. Lack of state and organizational control leads women to be silent and tolerant of harassment and ultimately, it encourages perpetrator to continue the derogatory behaviour.
Bracken, S., Allen, J., & Dean, D. (2006).The Balancing Act: Gendered Perspectives in Faculty Roles and Work Lives. Sterling, VA: Stylus.
Brink, V., Benschop, Y., & Jansen, W. (2010). Transparency in Academic Recruitment: A Problematic Tool for Gender Equality. http://www.Academia.edu
Bruckmüller, S., Ryan, M. K., Rink, F., & Haslam, S. A. (2014). Beyond the Glass Ceiling: The Glass Cliff and Its Lessons for Organizational Policy. Social Issues and Policy Review, 8, 202-232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sipr.12006
Catalyst (2012). Women in US Management. http://www.catalyst.org/
Catalyst (2013). Catalyst Research; Catalyst Historical List of Women CEO’s of the Fortune Lists: 1972-2013. http://www.catalyst.org/knowledge/fortune-500-ceopositions-held-women
D’Cruz, P., & Rayner, C. (2013). Bullying in the Indian Workplace: A Study of the ITES-BPO Sector. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 34, 597-619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831X12452672
Diehl, A. B. (2013). Making Meaning of Adversity: Experiences of Women Leaders in Higher Education. A Dissertation Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies and Research in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy: Indiana University of Pennsylvania
Equal Employment Opportunities Commission (2014). An Annual Report on EEOC Charges, Litigation, Regulatory Developments and Noteworthy Case Developments-FISCAL YEAR 2013. The Littler Report. http://www.littler.com/files/press/pdf/Annual%20Report%20on%20EEOC%20Developments%20-%20FY%202013.pdf
European Commission (2012). She Figures. Statistics and Indicators on Gender Equality in Science. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities
Gillani, Y. R. (2010). The Protection against Harassment of Women at the Workplace Act.
Government of Pakistan, Statistics Division, Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (2013). Pakistan Employment Trends. http://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/Labour%20Force/publications/Pakistan_Employment_2013.pdf
HEC (2011). Policy Guidelines against Sexual Harassment in Institutions of Higher Learning. http://www.hec.gov.pk/MediaPublication/News/Documents/Large%20Book.pdf
Hejase, H. J. (2015). Sexual Harassment in the Workplace: An Exploratory Study from Lebanon. Journal of Management Research, 7, 107-121.
Jabbar, A., & Imran, A. (2013). Perception of Glass Ceiling in the Educational Institution: An Evidence from Pakistan. World Applied Sciences Journal, 23, 628-634.
Khan, N., Begum, S., & Shaheen, A. (2015). Sexual Harassment against Staff and Student Nurses in Tertiary Care Hospitals Peshawar KP Pakistan. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 4, 285-292.
Lincoln,Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Liu, S. (2013). A Few Good Women at the Top: The China Case. Business Horizons, 56, 483-490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2013.04.002
Mason, M. (2010). Sample Size and Saturation in PhD Studies Using Qualitative Interviews. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 11, Article No.: 8.
Mayring, P. (2000). Qualitative Content Analysis. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1, Article No. 20. http://217.160.35.246/fqs-texte/2-00/2-00mayring-e.pdf
McDonald, P., Charlesworth, S., & Graham, T. (2015). Developing a Framework of Effective Prevention and Response Strategies in Workplace Sexual Harassment. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 53, 41-58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12046
Moghadam, V. M. (1992). Patriarchy and the Politics of Gender in Modernising Societies: Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan. International Sociology, 7, 35-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026858092007001002
Naz, A. M. H., Daraz, U., Khan, W., Khan, T., Salman, M., & Muhamma, D. (2013). A Paradigm Shift in Women’s Movement and Gender Reforms in Pakistan (A Historical Overview). Global Journal of Human-Social Science Research, 13, 20-26.
Human Rights Report (2013). Pakistan 2013 Human Rights Report. http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/220614.pdf
Patton, M. Q. (2002). Two Decades of Developments in Qualitative Inquiry a Personal, Experiential Perspective. Qualitative Social Work, 1, 261-283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473325002001003636
Peterson, H. (2014). An Academic “Glass Cliff”? Exploring the Increase of Women in Swedish Higher Education Management. Athens Journal of Education, 1, 33-44.
Researchers’ Report Germany (2013). Country Profile: Germany (pp. 2-22). New York: Deloitte.
Sadruddin, M. M. (2013). Sexual Harassment at Workplace in Pakistan-Issues and Remedies about the Global Issue at Managerial Sector. Journal of Managerial Sciences, 7, 113-125.
Sarwar, F., & Nauman, B. (2011). Antecedents and Experience of Sexual Harassment at Individual and Group Level. 3rd SAICON International Conference on Management, Business Ethics and Economics, Lahore, 28-29 December 2011.
Stanford Report (2014). Women Less Represented in Faculty, Staff Leadership Ranks. http://news.stanford.edu/news/2014/march/facsen-faculty-report-030614.html
Subramaniam, I. D., Arumugam, T., & Abu Baker Akeel, A. B. A. (2014). Demographic and Family Related Barriers on Women Managers’ Career Development. Asian Social Science, 10, 86-94.
Thomas, A. (2015). Incidents of Sexual Harassment at Educational Institutions in India: Preventive Measures and Grievance Handling. International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Research, 2, 317-322.
UCU (2013). Gender Survey of UK Professoriate. http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/news/gender-survey-of-uk-professoriate-2013/2004766.article
Yousaf, R., & Qadir, M. (2014). Sexual Harassment among Women Working in Unorganized Sector (pp. 49-54). Contemporary Social Science.